将地方级慢性疾病和社会脆弱性措施联系起来,以告知规划工作:COPD的例子
Susan A Carlson1,2, Kathleen B Watson1, Sarah Rockhill3
1Division of Population Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
Preventing chronic disease
|August 31, 2023
概括
地理分析显示,慢性阻塞性肺病 (COPD) 患病率高的地区往往与高度社会脆弱性重叠,特别是在主要河流沿线. 这凸显了疾病负担和社区性方面的差异.
科学领域:
- 环境流行病学环境流行病学
- 公共卫生信息学 公共卫生信息学
- 卫生中的地理信息系统 (GIS)
背景情况:
- 记录了慢性阻塞性肺病 (COPD) 患病率和社会脆弱性的地理差异.
- 将这些数据集结合起来,以了解脆弱社区的疾病负担是未被充分探索的.
研究的目的:
- 合并和分析公开可用的关于COPD流行率和社会脆弱性的数据.
- 确定高COPD流行率和社会脆弱性同时发生的地理模式.
- 估计生活在社会脆弱地区的COPD成年人群.
主要方法:
- 综合县和人口普查区的COPD患病率估计 (PLACES) 与社会脆弱性指数 (SVI) 数据.
- 分析的SVI主题:社会经济,家庭组成/残疾,少数民族地位/语言,住房/交通.
- 创建了脆弱性概况,并根据脆弱性级别计算了人口估计.
主要成果:
- 高COPD流行地区 (四分位数4) 在社会经济和家庭组成/残疾主题中显示出高中位脆弱性.
- 一致的高COPD患病率和脆弱性聚集在俄俄州和密西西比州下游的河流.
- 数百万患有COPD的成年人居住在高度脆弱的地区 (社会经济,家庭组成/残疾,整体SVI).
结论:
- 公开可用的数据可以结合起来,共同分析当地COPD估计和社会脆弱性.
- 这些综合分析通过突出弱势群体来支持公共卫生规划.
- 该方法可适应其他健康结果和脆弱性措施.
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