在使用人工智能用于神经辐射学时的道德考虑和公平性
C G Filippi1, J M Stein2, Z Wang3
1From the Department of Radiology (C.G.F.), Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts cfilippi@tuftsmedicalcenter.org.
AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology
|August 31, 2023
概括
算法偏见和公平性在医疗保健的人工智能 (AI) 中至关重要. 本综述详细介绍了如何减轻人工智能开发中的偏见,以确保患者安全和伦理临床部署.
科学领域:
- 医学成像和人工智能 医学成像和人工智能
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 人工智能伦理学
背景情况:
- 算法偏见和公平性是复杂的概念,对医疗保健有重大影响.
- 人工智能 (AI) 算法中的意外偏见可能导致临床环境中的不利结果.
- 人工智能在医学中的道德发展和部署至关重要,以"primum non nocere" (首先,不要伤害) 的原则为指导.
研究的目的:
- 从质量和数学上定义算法偏差和公平性.
- 为了说明从偏见的人工智能开发中产生的潜在危害.
- 讨论AI在临床应用中的可解释性,问责和透明度的重要性.
主要方法:
- 算法偏见和公平性的定性和数学定义.
- 在实践中对人工智能偏见的说明性示例的审查.
- 在整个AI生命周期中讨论道德考虑和缓解策略.
- 探索神经放射病患者利益的公平标准.
主要成果:
- 鉴定人工智能开发和部署中的潜在陷,因为偏见.
- 强调解释性,问责制和透明度的必要性.
- 提供可采取行动的步骤,以减轻人工智能系统中的偏见和不公平.
- 实施公平标准的框架,以最大限度地使患者受益,并最大限度地减少伤害.
结论:
- 缓解算法偏见和确保公平性对于人工智能在神经放射学中安全有效地整合至关重要.
- 坚持"首先,不要伤害"等道德原则至关重要.
- 神经放射学家应该准备好批判性地评估和将AI工具负责任地集成到临床工作流程中.
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