在自主和异种HSCT两年后,对MMR疫苗接种资格的现实世界挑战
Gopika Punchhi1, Rainbow Negus1, Hammad Saif1
1Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada.
Vaccine
|August 31, 2023
概括
建议在血造细胞干细胞移植 (HSCT) 后进行麻疹,疹和红疹 (MMR) 重复接种. 然而,许多自身的HSCT患者在移植后两年不能接受MMR,因为药物禁用.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 移植医学 移植医学
- 传染病流行病学 传染病流行病学
背景情况:
- 麻疹疫情对免疫功能受损的个体构成风险,特别是血造细胞移植后的干细胞移植 (HSCT).
- 目前的加拿大指导方针建议在HSCT两年后接种麻疹,疹和红疹 (MMR) 疫苗.
- 在HSCT后的MMR疫苗接种资格尚未完全评估,考虑到药物禁忌.
研究的目的:
- 评估自主 (自主-HSCT) 和全基 (allo-HSCT) 接种者的MMR疫苗免疫力和资格.
- 确定移植后两年服用抗MMR疫苗的药物中HSCT接种者的比例.
主要方法:
- 72名自动HSCT和68名alo-HSCT接受者的回顾性图表审查.
- 对MMR血清活性的评估.
- 在HSCT后两年,对服用禁忌药物的患者进行鉴定.
主要成果:
- 在自动HSCT接受者 (49.1%的麻疹,28.8%的,52.3%的红疹) 中观察到较低的MMR免疫力,而不是与所有HSCT接受者 (75.6%的麻疹,57.8%的,64.4%的红疹).
- 自动-HSCT和合-HSCT组之间对所有三种MMR成分的免疫力存在显著差异 (p=0.0002).
- 近80%的自动HSCT患者和45%的合并HSCT患者在移植后两年服用禁忌药物.
结论:
- 自体HSCT接种者表现出较低的MMR免疫力和较高的MMR疫苗接种药物禁忌率.
- 目前针对HSCT后的MMR疫苗接种的指导方针可能不适合所有患者,尤其是自动HSCT接种者.
- 需要进一步的策略,以确保在HSCT后不能接种活疫苗的免疫受损患者中保护麻疹.
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