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Diamagnetism01:26

Diamagnetism

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Materials consisting of paired electrons have zero net magnetic moments. However, when these materials are placed under an external magnetic field, the moments opposite to the field are induced. Such materials are called diamagnets. Diamagnetism is the response of the diamagnets when placed in an external magnetic field.
Diamagnetism was discovered by Anton Brugmans in 1778 when he observed that bismuth gets repelled by magnetic fields, thus theorizing that diamagnets get repelled by magnets....
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Ferromagnetism01:31

Ferromagnetism

2.4K
Materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt consist of magnetic domains, within which the magnetic dipoles are arranged parallel to each other. The magnetic dipoles are rigidly aligned in the same direction within a domain by quantum mechanical coupling among the atoms. This coupling is so strong that even thermal agitation at room temperature cannot break it. The result is that each domain has a net dipole moment. However, some materials have weaker coupling, and are ferromagnetic at lower...
2.4K
Potential Due to a Magnetized Object01:24

Potential Due to a Magnetized Object

313
Magnetic dipoles in magnetic materials are aligned when placed under an external magnetic field. For paramagnets and ferromagnets, dipole alignment occurs in the direction of the magnetic field. However, the dipoles align opposite to the field in the case of diamagnets. This state of magnetic polarization due to the external field is called magnetization. Magnetization is defined as the dipole moment per unit volume. It plays a similar role to polarization in electrostatics.
The vector...
313
Paramagnetism01:30

Paramagnetism

2.5K
Paramagnets are materials with unpaired electrons that possess a finite magnetic moment. In the absence of a magnetic field, these moments are randomly oriented, and thus the net moment is zero. Under an external field, a torque acting on the moments tends to align them along the field's direction. However, the random thermal motion of electrons produces a torque opposite to the external field and tries to disorient the moments. These two competing effects align only a few moments along the...
2.5K
Diamagnetic Shielding of Nuclei: Local Diamagnetic Current01:14

Diamagnetic Shielding of Nuclei: Local Diamagnetic Current

894
An applied magnetic field causes the electrons present in the molecule to circulate, setting up a local diamagnetic current within the molecule. The local diamagnetic current arising from circulating sigma-bonding electrons induces a magnetic field, Blocal that opposes the applied magnetic field, B0. The effective magnetic field experienced by these nuclei is given by the difference between the applied and local magnetic fields in a phenomenon called local diamagnetic shielding. Essentially,...
894
Magnetic Susceptibility and Permeability01:31

Magnetic Susceptibility and Permeability

1.2K
In linear magnetic materials, like paramagnets and diamagnets, magnetization is proportional to the magnetic field intensity. The constant of proportionality, a dimensionless number, is called magnetic susceptibility. The value of the susceptibility depends on the type of material.
When diamagnetic materials are placed under an external magnetic field, the moments opposite to the field are induced. Hence, the susceptibility for diamagnets has a minimal negative value of 10-5–10-6. Since...
1.2K

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Updated: Jul 17, 2025

Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform
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dc 约瑟夫森效应在变磁体中的作用

Jabir Ali Ouassou1, Arne Brataas1, Jacob Linder1

  • 1Center for Quantum Spintronics, Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway.

Physical review letters
|September 1, 2023
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

替代磁铁是一种独特的磁性材料类别,诱导约瑟夫逊振荡,使其与其他磁性系统区别开来. 这种效应允许对超级电流进行控制,并为自旋电子和量子传感应用提供了新的途径.

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科学领域:

  • 凝聚物质物理学 凝聚物质物理学
  • 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
  • 量子现象是一种量子现象.

背景情况:

  • 磁性材料可以改变超导体的特性,使得在热电,量子传感和自旋电子学中的应用成为可能.
  • 替代磁铁是一种新型的磁性材料,具有独特的带结构,没有净磁化,与铁磁铁和传统反铁磁铁不同.
  • 约瑟夫森效应是一种量子力学现象,对于理解磁性和超导性之间的相互作用至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 为了研究约瑟夫森效应在替代磁体中的基本性质.
  • 为了确定反磁铁,尽管其独特的磁性,可以诱导约瑟夫森振荡.
  • 探索替代磁铁在控制超级电流和区分其与其他磁性材料方面的潜力.

主要方法:

  • 对变磁系统中约瑟夫森效应的理论分析.
  • 模拟变磁特性 (带结构,晶体学方向) 对约瑟夫森合的影响.
  • 将变磁体中的约瑟夫森效应特征与铁磁和传统反铁磁连接中的特征进行比较.

主要成果:

  • 替代磁铁在约瑟夫森效应中诱导0-π振荡,这种现象在没有自旋分裂带的传统反铁磁铁中没有观察到.
  • 替代磁体中约瑟夫森合的衰变长度和振荡周期表现出独特的行为,质量上不同于铁磁交点.
  • 这些特征取决于变磁体的结晶学方向.

结论:

  • 在替代磁体中,约瑟夫森效应作为替代磁性与铁磁性和常规反铁磁性相比,替代磁性的区分特征.
  • 变磁铁提供了一种新的途径,通过流动方向异构来控制超流.
  • 这项研究为在先进的自旋电子和量子传感器件中利用变磁体开辟了新的可能性.