接种疫苗后的SARS-Cov-2 T细胞受体库在患有多发性硬化症和相关疾病的患者中
Priyanka Algu1, Natasha Hameed2, Tracy DeAngelis3
1Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, 500 Hofstra Blvd, Hempstead, NY 11549, United States
Multiple sclerosis and related disorders
|September 1, 2023
概括
针对SARS-CoV-2的疫苗在接受抗CD20疗法的患者中产生了强大的T细胞反应,尽管抗体产生减少了. 然而,S1P调节器治疗消除了T细胞反应,突出显示了有关COVID-19免疫力的个性化患者咨询的需要.
科学领域:
- 免疫学和疫苗学 免疫学和疫苗学
- 神经免疫学 神经免疫学
- 分析T细胞受体谱的分析.
背景情况:
- 对SARS-CoV-2疫苗的幽默反应在接受抗CD20疗法或氨酸-1-酸盐 (S1P) 受体调节器的人群中减弱.
- 在接受疾病修饰疗法 (DMT) 的患者中,免疫反应的评估需要评估T细胞记忆,因为抗体产生可能不反映有效的免疫力.
- 之前的研究表明,在接受抗CD20治疗的患者中,尽管抗体生成不佳,但疫苗接种后T细胞反应完整.
研究的目的:
- 在接受DMT的患者接种疫苗后评估SARS-CoV-2T细胞受体 (TCR) 库.
- 为了比较T细胞对不同类型的DMT的反应,包括抗CD20药物和S1P受体调节剂.
- 评估ImmunoSeq试验在不需要活细胞的情况下分析T细胞反应的实用性.
主要方法:
- 招募具有神经免疫疾病的成年人 (18-80岁),用mRNA SARS-CoV-2疫苗接种疫苗.
- 使用ImmunoSeq试验对全血样本进行分析,以测序TCRβ CDR3区域.
- 将TCR序列映射到SARS-CoV-2中,计算尖端特异性T细胞的克隆多样性 (宽度) 和频率 (深度).
主要成果:
- 服用抗CD20药物和S1P受体调节剂的患者表现出减弱的幽默反应.
- 在大多数DMT组中观察到强大的SARS-CoV-2尖端特异性T细胞受体 (TCR) 克隆深度和宽度,除了S1P调节器.
- 用S1P调制剂治疗的个体表现出缺失尖端特异性TCR反应 (p=0.002),而烟酸使用者显示尖端TCR宽度减少 (p=0.008).
结论:
- 这项研究表明,在接受抗CD20治疗的患者中,对SARS-CoV-2疫苗接种的二分性免疫反应: humoral免疫力受损,但T细胞反应保留.
- S1P调节器治疗取消了对SARS-CoV-2疫苗接种的幽默和T细胞反应,因此需要对患者进行仔细的咨询.
- 免疫Seq方法对于未来关于疫苗疗效的研究以及DMT治疗群体中强剂的潜在益处非常有价值.
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