相关实验视频
Updated: Jul 17, 2025

10:43
Evaluating In Vitro DNA Damage Using Comet Assay
Published on: October 11, 2017
37.7K
泰莫索洛米德对瘤突变负担和黑色素瘤细胞微卫星不稳定性的影响
Masahide Sawada1, Tokimasa Hida1, Takafumi Kamiya1
1Department of Dermatology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
The Journal of dermatology
|September 2, 2023
概括
泰莫佐洛米德 (TMZ) 增加了黑色素瘤细胞中的瘤突变负担 (TMB),可能提高免疫治疗的有效性. 然而,TMZ并没有在这些细胞中诱导微卫星不稳定性 (MSI).
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 癌症研究 癌症研究
- 免疫治疗是一种免疫疗法.
背景情况:
- 免疫检查点抑制剂 (ICI) 与化疗相结合,在癌症治疗中显示出有前途.
- 泰莫佐洛米德 (Temozolomide,简称TMZ) 是一种用于治疗黑色素瘤和其他癌症的化疗剂.
- 已经证明TMZ可以增加瘤突变负担 (TMB) 和不匹配修复 (MMR) 缺陷,导致质瘤和结直肠癌细胞的微卫星不稳定性 (MSI),可能提高ICI的疗效.
研究的目的:
- 研究TMZ对MSI状态和TMB在黑色素瘤细胞中的影响.
- 评估TMZ诱导的TMB和MSI变化是否可以增强ICI治疗中的黑色素瘤细胞免疫性.
主要方法:
- 在TMZ治疗前后对5个人类黑色素瘤细胞系 (Mel18,A375,WM266-4,G361,TXM18) 进行了全外组测序,以评估TMB.
- 用五种单核酸重复标记物的聚合酶链反应放大 (BAT25,BAT26,NR21,NR24,MONO27) 来分析MSI状态的变化.
主要成果:
- 在所有测试的黑色素瘤细胞系中,TMZ治疗显著增加了TMB (18.038.3突变/大基基与≤5%VAF),即使没有明显的细胞损伤.
- 在TMZ治疗后,在任何黑色素瘤细胞系中都没有观察到MSI状态的显著变化.
结论:
- TMZ有效地增加了黑色素瘤细胞中的TMB.
- TMZ不会诱导黑色素瘤细胞中的MSI,这表明其与ICI的结合可能通过TMB增加而不是MSI诱导来增强抗瘤免疫力.
相关概念视频
The Tumor Microenvironment
6.7K
Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
6.7K
Abnormal Proliferation
4.6K
Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the...
4.6K
Mutagenicity and Carcinogenicity
1.3K
Mutagenicity and carcinogenicity refer to the ability of drugs to cause genetic defects and induce cancer, respectively. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classifies agents into four groups based on their carcinogenic potential. Group 1 agents are known human carcinogens; group 2A agents are probably carcinogenic to humans; group 3 agents lack data to support their role in carcinogenesis; and group 4 includes agents for which data support that they are not likely to be...
1.3K
Mismatch Repair
4.9K
Organisms are capable of detecting and fixing nucleotide mismatches that occur during DNA replication. This sophisticated process requires identifying the new strand and replacing the erroneous bases with correct nucleotides. Mismatch repair is coordinated by many proteins in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
The Mutator Protein Family Plays a Key Role in DNA Mismatch Repair
The human genome has more than 3 billion base pairs of DNA per cell. Prior to cell division, that vast amount of genetic...
The Mutator Protein Family Plays a Key Role in DNA Mismatch Repair
The human genome has more than 3 billion base pairs of DNA per cell. Prior to cell division, that vast amount of genetic...
4.9K
Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells
5.8K
Cancer cells accumulate genetic changes at an abnormally rapid rate due to the defects in the DNA repair mechanisms. From an evolutionary perspective, such genetic instability is advantageous for cancer development. Mutant cell lines accumulate a series of beneficial mutations that contribute to their progression into cancer.
Some of the advantages that cancer cells have on normal cells include - enhanced ability to divide without terminally differentiating, induce new blood vessel formation,...
Some of the advantages that cancer cells have on normal cells include - enhanced ability to divide without terminally differentiating, induce new blood vessel formation,...
5.8K

