使用基于异质医疗数据的机器学习的ED患者的临床预测和临床部门预测
Yi Xiao1, Jun Zhang1, Cheng Chi2
1The State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Instrument Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.
Computers in biology and medicine
|September 2, 2023
概括
这项研究引入了人工智能模型,TransNet和TextRNN,以提高急诊室 (ED) 选准确度. 这些模型减少了不足和过多的选,提高了患者的护理和资源配置.
科学领域:
- 医疗保健中的人工智能
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 机器学习用于选.
背景情况:
- 紧急服务部门 (ED) 面临着诸如资源限制和护士短缺等挑战,导致错误的分拣,过度拥挤和长时间等待.
- 手动分类系统可能是低效的,容易出现错误,影响患者的治疗结果和运营效率.
研究的目的:
- 提出和验证准确和有效的基于人工智能 (AI) 的方法,用于紧急部门 (ED) 的分类.
- 通过提高分拣准确性和效率,减轻医疗资源的压力.
主要方法:
- 开发了两种新的机器学习模型,TransNet和TextRNN,利用具有注意力机制的平行结构用于特征提取.
- 分析了来自161,198次ED访问 (2020-2022) 的异质医疗数据,包括人口统计,生命体征和主要投诉.
- 采用数据清理,分类,编码和5倍交叉验证,比较性能与RNN,CNN,TML和基于变压器的模型.
主要成果:
- 在严重程度方面,TextRNN实现了86.23%的预测成功,在临床部门实现了94.30%.
- 跨网显示了高度敏感性 (84.08%的严重程度,90.05%的部门) 和特殊性 (76.48%的严重程度,95.16%的部门).
- 与手动分拣相比,拟议的模型显著减少了12.06%的不足分拣和17.92%的过量分拣,平均而言优于其他模型.
结论:
- 人工智能模型有效地融合异质的医疗数据,以准确预测患者选结果.
- 这些模型提高了分拣效率,降低了不足/过多分拣率,并为医生提供了宝贵的决策支持.
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