"我不需要你的药丸,我需要你的注意力:"在医疗接触中深入倾听的步骤
Ronald M Epstein1, Mary Catherine Beach2
1Center for Communication and Disparities Research, Departments of Family Medicine and Medicine (Palliative Care), Wilmot Cancer Center, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, 1381 South Avenue, Rochester, NY 14620, USA.
医生倾听技巧对于患者护理至关重要,但在医学培训中经常被忽视. 培养"深度倾听"包括好奇心和同情心,以确保患者感到被倾听和理解,改善减轻痛苦.
科学领域:
- 医学教育 医学教育
- 临床交流 临床沟通
- 以患者为中心的护理
背景情况:
- 患者为中心的护理强调被倾听的重要性,但医生倾听技巧在培训中被忽视.
- 有效的倾听对于减轻患者的痛苦和建立治疗关系至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 综合医学临床倾听技能的文献.
- 探索医生倾听的挑战和复杂性.
- 提出开发和展示"深度倾听"的策略.
主要方法:
- 关于在临床实践中倾听的文献综合.
- 探索有效倾听的内部和外部障碍.
- "深度倾听"技能的概念化.
主要成果:
- 倾听对于患者的福祉至关重要,但在医生教育中没有得到充分的解决.
- 医生在苛刻的环境中面临着平衡诊断和关系式倾听的挑战.
- "深入倾听"需要培养好奇心,开放,自我反思和互惠.
结论:
- 提高医生倾听能力对于改善患者体验和结果至关重要.
- 培训应侧重于培养"深入倾听"能力.
- 需要策略来确保患者感觉到他们正在积极倾听.
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