精神分裂症和双相情感障碍中的社会认知和心理社会功能:思想理论作为理解精神分裂症功能障碍的关键
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Sarah Corrêa de Sales1, Marieli Philippsen2, Letícia Stephane de Jesus3
1Departamento de Clínica Médica da Universidade Federal do Paraná.
概括
心理理论 (ToM) 显著影响精神分裂症 (SZ) 的功能障碍,比双相情感障碍 (BD) 更多. 向ToM可能会改善SZ患者的功能.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
背景情况:
- 功能障碍在精神分裂症 (SZ) 和双相情感障碍 (BD) 中普遍存在,药物治疗后的恢复有限.
- 社会认知,特别是思想理论 (ToM),对于理解SZ和BD的社会认知缺陷至关重要.
- 研究ToM与功能之间的联系对于开发有效的干预措施至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 检查TOM与SZ,BD和健康对照 (HC) 个体的功能之间的关系.
- 为了在这些群体中比较ToM和功能障碍.
- 确定ToM是否是SZ或BD特有的功能缺陷的关键因素.
主要方法:
- 评估了208名参与者 (69名HC,89名BD,50名SZ).
- 通过功能评估简短测试 (FAST) 和眼睛测试 (RMET) 来评估.
- 统计分析包括组比较和多重线性回归.
主要成果:
- 仅在精神分裂症组 (β = -1.352,p = 0.008) 中发现了ToM和心理社会功能之间的显著关联.
- 与高功能SZ参与者相比,低功能SZ参与者表现较差的ToM表现 (t = 1.80,p = 0.039,科恩的d = 0.938).
- 在BD或HC组中没有观察到ToM和功能之间的显著关联.
结论:
- 心智理论 (ToM) 在精神分裂症的功能障碍中起到的作用比在双相情感障碍中更为重要.
- ToM 缺陷与精神分裂症患者的功能困难直接相关.
- 针对ToM的干预措施代表了增强精神分裂症患者心理社会功能的一个有希望的策略.
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