控制调整成本限制目标灵活性:经验证据和计算账户
Ivan Grahek1, Xiamin Leng1, Sebastian Musslick1,2
1Department of Cognitive, Linguistic, and Psychological Sciences; Carney Institute for Brain Science; Brown University; Providence, RI, USA.
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|September 4, 2023
概括
认知控制调整有成本. 目标的转移会导致由于控制惯性而导致低于射击目标的性能,影响灵活的目标导向行为.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 行为科学是一种行为科学.
背景情况:
- 人类智能依赖于灵活调整认知和行为以适应不断变化的目标.
- 不同的目标需要不同的控制过程,影响注意力和谨慎程度.
- 实现目标需要调整控制策略,例如优先考虑速度或准确性.
研究的目的:
- 为了证明和量化个人适应目标转移时产生的控制调整成本.
- 为了验证一个动态系统模型,解释这些控制调整成本的来源.
- 调查影响控制调整成本大小的因素.
主要方法:
- 四个实验涉及参与者执行一个认知要求高的任务,具有不同的性能目标 (速度与准确性).
- 将认知控制分配建模为具有固有惯性的动态过程.
- 在固定目标,目标切换,变化的目标状态距离,时间限制和切换频率条件下的性能分析.
主要成果:
- 观察到控制调整成本的证据,参与者在目标转换时与固定目标相比,在目标转换时更多地射击目标控制状态.
- 包含惯性的动态系统模型成功地解释了这些经验发现.
- 调整成本随着目标状态之间的距离越大,调整时间减少,目标切换频率越高而增加.
结论:
- 认知控制调整带来了成本,直接源于控制分配的动态.
- 控制惯性是导致这些成本的一个关键因素,特别是在目标转换期间.
- 这些发现为目标导向行为的约束和灵活性来源提供了新的见解.
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