在2022年疫情爆发期间,优先人群中Mpox疫苗接种的差异
Naseem Alavian1, Ahmad Mourad1, Edwin W Woodhouse1
1Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Open forum infectious diseases
|September 4, 2023
概括
接种Mopox疫苗受到种族,保险,先前的性传播疾病和其他疫苗接种的影响. 解决差异是未来疫情应对措施的关键.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 传染病流行病学 传染病流行病学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 2022年mopox疫情不成比例地影响了与男性发生性关系的男性和艾滋病毒感染者 (PLWH).
- 公平的mopox疫苗接种可能受到结构性种族主义和保险状况的阻碍.
- 一个两剂量mopox疫苗系列在2022年中期实施.
研究的目的:
- 调查影响主要人群中mopox疫苗接种的因素.
- 为了识别mopox疫苗接种可访问性和及时性的差异.
- 在公共卫生紧急情况下为改善疫苗公平的战略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 定义了三个队列:PLWH,HIV暴露前预防 (PrEP) 接收者和所有mpox接种疫苗的患者.
- 根据阳性淋病,克拉米迪亚或梅毒测试,确定了先前患有性传播感染 (STIs) 的患者.
- 作为主要结果,分析了至少一次mopox疫苗剂量的接收,并检查了人口和临床预测因素.
主要成果:
- 在PLWH中,mpox疫苗的接种率为10.8%,在PrEP接种者中为19.0%.
- 在PLWH中,白人,私人保险,先前的性传播疾病和先前的COVID-19/流感疫苗接种独立预测了mopox疫苗接种.
- 没有保险的患者比私人保险的患者晚得多地接种了mopox疫苗 (中位数为83天而不是41天).
结论:
- 种族,保险状况,先前的性传播疾病诊断和先前的疫苗接种史是mopox疫苗接种的重要预测因素.
- 必须解决健康差异和疫苗接受问题,以提高未来疫情应对效率.
- 需要有针对性的干预措施,以确保在公共卫生危机期间所有人口均可获得疫苗.
相关概念视频
Vaccinations
44.7K
Overview
44.7K
Prevalence and Incidence
623
In statistical epidemiology and health sciences, two essential metrics—prevalence and incidence—are fundamental for understanding disease dynamics within a population. These measures enable public health officials, epidemiologists, and researchers to assess the burden of diseases, allocate resources effectively, and design impactful public health policies and interventions.
Prevalence indicates the proportion of individuals in a population who have a specific disease or health...
Prevalence indicates the proportion of individuals in a population who have a specific disease or health...
623
Bias in Epidemiological Studies
349
Biases can arise at various stages of research, from study design and data collection to analysis and interpretation. Recognizing and addressing these biases is essential to ensure the validity and reliability of epidemiological findings.Broadly speaking, biases in epidemiology fall into three main categories: selection bias, information bias, and confounding. A more detailed description of possible biases is:
349
Preventive Healthcare Services
1.0K
Preventive healthcare services keep people healthy via frequent check-ups, screening, and counseling. They primarily aid in disease prevention rather than treating an acute or chronic illness. Preventive treatment also keeps individuals productive and energetic, allowing them to work well into their retirement years. Examples of preventive care services include:
1.0K
Principles of Disease Surveillance
122
Disease surveillance is the systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of health data essential to the planning, implementation, and evaluation of public health practice. This process integrates data dissemination to entities responsible for preventing and controlling disease, injury, and disability. Surveillance systems provide crucial information for action, helping public health authorities make informed decisions to manage and prevent outbreaks, ensure public safety, optimize...
122
Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures
2.7K
Essential infection prevention measures are based on the knowledge of the infection chain, the modes of transmission in healthcare settings, and the use of the best practices in all healthcare settings. Compulsory public reporting of healthcare-associated infection rates is needed to allow individuals and the community to make informed choices regarding selecting a healthcare facility.
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...
2.7K


