造血干细胞和祖细胞在小鼠模型中赋予交叉保护训练免疫力
Bailee N Kain1,2,3, Brandon T Tran2,3,4, Pamela N Luna5
1Graduate Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
iScience
|September 4, 2023
概括
感染重编程造血干细胞以增强先天免疫力,这一过程被称为训练免疫力. 这项研究表明,训练有素的干细胞产生更好的巨细胞,并提供针对不同感染的交叉保护.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 干细胞生物学 干细胞生物学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
背景情况:
- 感染可以重新编程造血干细胞和原始细胞 (HSPCs),以增强先天免疫反应,称为训练免疫.
- 驱动训练免疫的特定细胞类型和反应模式尚未完全理解.
研究的目的:
- 研究HSPC在训练免疫力中的作用及其对增强先天免疫反应的贡献.
- 为了确定训练有素的免疫是否会对抗原上不同的病原体产生交叉保护.
主要方法:
- 使用Mycobacterium avium感染建立了一种训练免疫力的小鼠模型.
- 使用单细胞RNA测序 (scRNA-seq) 来分析HSPC反应.
- 将受过训练的HSPC移植到接受者小鼠中,并评估对二次挑战的免疫反应.
- 研究了重组干扰素玛对HSPC培训的影响.
主要成果:
- scRNA-seq揭示了HSPC中干扰素马反应基因的异质激活,以及初级感染期间罕见细胞群的扩张.
- 从训练有素的HSPC中获得的巨细胞表现出更好的细菌杀死和新陈代谢.
- 一次剂量重组干扰素玛模仿了训练效应.
- 受过训练的HSPC治疗的小鼠表现出对M. avium的增强免疫力和对流感的交叉保护,反之亦然.
结论:
- 感染期间HSPC的异质反应导致长期生成增强的骨髓衍生巨细胞.
- 由HSPCs调解的训练免疫力可以给予对各种病原体的交叉保护,突出了免疫记忆的基本机制.
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