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可怕的蛇图片使子变得悲观

Sakumi Iki^1,2, Ikuma Adachi¹

¹Center for the Evolutionary Origins of Human Behavior, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Aichi, Japan.

|September 4, 2023

概括

捕食者线索,像蛇的图像,诱导一个悲观的判断偏见在日本. 这种偏见使他们期望在模两可的情况下出现更糟糕的结果,并可能通过减少冒险行为来帮助生存.

科学领域:

动物行为动物行为
认知行为学认知行为学.
情感神经科学情感神经科学

背景情况:

判断偏见描述了动物的情绪状态如何影响其对模两可的情况的预期.
了解来自生态相关刺激的判断偏见对于评估它们的适应意义至关重要.
以前的研究还没有充分探讨与捕食者相关的线索如何影响动物的判断偏见.

研究的目的:

调查与捕食者相关的刺激,特别是蛇的图像,是否会在日本 (Macaca fuscata) 中引起悲观的判断偏见.
探索这种偏见在具有不同威胁级别的环境中的适应性作用.

主要方法:

一个基于触摸屏的Go/No-go判断偏差测试被用在日本身上.
在呈现模两可的刺激之前,对象被暴露在与捕食者有关的刺激 (蛇图片) 中.
记录和分析了对模两可的刺激的反应延迟和准确性.

主要成果:

在看了蛇图片后,日本子表现出悲观的判断偏见.
受试者在接触到蛇图像后,对模两可的刺激做出积极反应的速度更慢,而且不太可能.
这表明,当遇到威胁信号时,人们开始期望负面结果.

结论:

遇到与捕食者相关的刺激,如蛇,可以诱导日本的悲观判断偏见.
这种偏见可能是一种适应机制,以减少高威胁环境中的冒险行为.
对威胁线索的这种情感反应可以制过度探索性行为,增强生存能力.

关键词:

行为神经科学行为神经科学生物科学生物科学自然科学自然科学

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