在中国长时间工作和全因死亡率:一项长达26年的随访研究
Yeen Huang, Yingping Xiang, Wei Zhou
1School of Public Health and Emergency Management, Southern University of Science and Technology, No. 1088, Xueyuan Avenue, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China. fangsy@sustech.edu.cn.
Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health
|September 4, 2023
概括
长时间工作 (≥55小时/周) 显著增加全因死亡风险,特别是在男性和吸烟者中. 需要采取干预措施,减少过度工作时间,保护高风险人群.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 延长工作时间和死亡率之间的联系是一个日益严重的公共卫生问题.
- 之前的研究对长时间工作对死亡风险的影响产生了不同的结果.
研究的目的:
- 调查长时间工作时间与大量中国人口的全因死亡率之间的关联.
- 为了确定由于工作时间延长而面临更高风险的特定子组.
主要方法:
- 这是一项回顾性队列研究,利用了1989年至2015年中国健康和营养调查 (CHNS) 的数据.
- 参与者比较长时间工作 (≥55小时/周) 和那些工作标准时间 (每周35-40小时).
- 采用Cox比例危险回归模型和分层分析来评估死亡风险.
主要成果:
- 总共有10,269名参与者被纳入,其中411人在平均随访11.0年期间死亡.
- 长时间工作与49%的全因死亡风险增加有关 (HR1.49,95%CI1.02-2.18).
- 这种关联在男性 (HR 1.78) 和吸烟者 (HR 1.57) 中显著.
结论:
- 有证据表明,长时间工作与增加全因死亡率有关,特别是在男性和吸烟者中.
- 建议有针对性的干预措施,以减轻与过度工作时间相关的风险.
- 强调需要劳工组织,政策制定者和雇主共同努力,以解决这一公共卫生问题.
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