使用观测和模型量化印度克什米尔喜马拉雅邦达奇加姆国家公园内外的景观变化
Sheikh Aneaus1, Irfan Rashid2, Prashant K Srivastava3
1Department of Geoinformatics, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190006, India.
Environmental monitoring and assessment
|September 4, 2023
概括
人类活动和气候变化威胁着喜马拉雅的生物多样性. 这项研究分析了达奇加姆国家公园的土地使用变化和息地碎片化,揭示了大量的息地丧失和预计未来建筑区的增加.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 保护生物学 保护生物学
- 遥感 遥感 遥感 遥感
背景情况:
- 保护区对于生物多样性保护至关重要,但面临着人类活动和气候变化的威胁.
- 土地系统的变化和息地碎片化是喜马拉雅山脉生物多样性下降的主要驱动因素.
研究的目的:
- 在55年 (1965-2020年) 期间,评估土地使用,土地覆盖面变化 (LULCCs) 和达奇加姆国家公园 (DNP) 内外的碎片化.
- 使用土地变化模型 (LCM) 模拟DNP的未来LULC场景.
- 为了解人类与野生动物的关系和生态研究提供基础.
主要方法:
- 利用遥感数据,基于GIS的模型和地面真相进行LULCC分析.
- 使用景观碎片化工具 (LFT) 来量化碎片化指标 (边缘效应,不齐,穿孔,核心区域).
- 使用的土地变化模型 (LCM) 用于未来的LULC预测.
主要成果:
- 在DNP附近观察到建筑面积 (326%) 和水生植被 (174%) 的显著扩张.
- 记录了DNP内森林覆盖面的7%的下降.
- 记录了核心息地区域的大幅减少 (39%在DNP内,30%在外),表明息地分散.
- 预计建筑面积将增加10%,森林,灌木和牧场的变化也将增加10%.
结论:
- 土地利用活动的加剧导致了DNP及其周围的大量息地丧失和碎片化.
- 未来的预测表明,建筑区的持续扩张,进一步威胁到自然息地.
- 该研究为该地区的保护战略和长期生态研究提供了关键的见解.
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