系统因数技术为开放技能运动员的认知处理特征提供了新的见解
Chun-Hao Wang1, Hao-Lun Fu2, Shih-Chun Kao3
1Institute of Physical Education, Health & Leisure Studies, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Road, East District, Tainan City, 701, Taiwan; Department of Psychology, National Cheng Kung University, Social Sciences Building, No. 1, University Road, East District, Tainan City, 701, Taiwan.
Psychology of sport and exercise
|September 4, 2023
概括
拦截性运动运动员在分心时表现出更快的反应时间 (RT),而战略性运动运动员表现出更好的认知性. 这些发现凸显了开放技能运动中特定领域的认知优势.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 运动科学 运动科学
- 人类运动控制器
背景情况:
- 开放技能运动员经常表现出认知优势,拦截运动显示出比战略运动更大的好处.
- 之前的研究依赖于平均性能指标 (例如反应时间),忽视了个体内认知动态.
- 了解体育特定的认知处理需要分析表现的时间动态.
研究的目的:
- 用非参数方法研究开放技能运动员的认知优势.
- 通过系统因数技术 (SFT) 在反应时间 (RT) 分布水平上评估认知处理.
- 为了在拦截运动员,战略运动员和非运动员中比较认知性和处理能力.
主要方法:
- 使用系统因数技术 (SFT) 来分析RT分布.
- 参与者包括28名拦截运动员,27名战略运动员和26名非运动员.
- 使用go/nogo冗余目标任务来评估监控多个信息通道和抑制控制的能力.
主要成果:
- 拦截运动员在面对分散注意力的信息时,表现出比非运动员更短的平均反应时间 (RT).
- 与其他群体相比,战略体育运动运动员表现出优越的弹性能力,特别是在更早的反应时间中.
- 研究结果表明,与拦截和战略体育运动的独特需求相关的处理特点是不同的.
结论:
- 在开放技能领域的体育专业知识与特定领域的认知处理优势有关.
- 拦截性体育可以增强分心下快速信息处理,而战略性体育可能会培养更大的认知性.
- SFT提供了一种有价值的工具,用于剖析体育专业知识背后的细微认知机制.
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