模拟船只造成的慢性石油污染.
S Liubartseva1, G Coppini2, G Verdiani3
1Ocean Predictions and Applications Division, Euro-Mediterranean Center on Climate Change, Bologna, Italy.
Marine pollution bulletin
|September 4, 2023
概括
船上石油泄漏在亚得里亚海构成了长期存在的危险. 货船,乘客船和渔船对污染有很大的贡献,特别是在北部地区和克罗地亚水域.
科学领域:
- 海洋污染 海洋污染
- 环境建模环境建模
- 海洋学 海洋学 海洋学
背景情况:
- 来自船舶的石油泄漏是海洋污染的持续来源.
- 了解漏油风险的空间和时间模式对于有效的环境管理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估在亚得里亚海发生的石油泄漏造成的慢性暴露风险.
- 识别导致石油泄漏危险的占主导地位的船只群体.
- 绘制污染热点的地图,并比较意大利和克罗地亚水域之间的风险水平.
主要方法:
- 虚拟石油泄漏的随机模拟使用MEDSLIK-II模型.
- 欧洲海洋观测和数据网络 (EMODnet) 船舶密度用于泄漏发起点的应用.
- 利用高分辨率的海流 (科珀尼克斯海洋服务) 和风 (ECMWF).
主要成果:
- 在亚得里亚海北部观察到的危险指数最高,包括特里埃斯特和威尼斯.
- 在最北部地区,货运和服务船只被确定为主要污染者.
- 克罗地亚沿海水域的慢性污染水平高于意大利水域,主要来自游乐和客船.
结论:
- 石油泄漏在亚得里亚海带来了严重的慢性环境风险.
- 船舶类型和位置是石油泄漏污染模式的关键决定因素.
- 需要针对高风险地区和船舶类别制定有针对性的缓解策略.
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