在非洲重新想象全球心理健康
Dawit Wondimagegn1, Clare Pain2, Nardos Seifu1
1College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
BMJ global health
|September 4, 2023
概括
西方心理健康 (MH) 模式在低收入和中等收入国家 (LAMICs) 失败. 整合当地治疗传统对于这些地区有效的MH护理和研究至关重要.
科学领域:
- 全球心理健康全球心理健康
- 卫生系统研究 卫生系统研究
- 跨文化精神病学 跨文化精神病学
背景情况:
- 世界卫生组织 (WHO) 已多次强调,精神疾病在低收入和中等收入国家 (LAMICs) 的严重公共卫生影响.
- 尽管世卫组织2001年和2022年的报告强调需要改变心理健康 (MH) 服务,但进展有限.
- 在MH护理中,如果没有大量的财务投资,维持"平常情况"是不够的.
研究的目的:
- 分析过去二十年来在LAMICs中缺乏MH实质性进展的原因.
- 批评在非洲LAMICs强加的西方 MH 模式和框架.
- 通过整合当地治疗传统,提出一种新的方法来改善LAMIC地区的MH.
主要方法:
- 对现有的西方心理健康框架及其在非洲环境中的适用性进行批判性分析.
- 审查非西方,当地医疗保健传统在LAMICs内的初级保健中的作用.
- 为重新构想 MH 服务,培训和研究而开发概念框架.
主要成果:
- 西方 MH 模式和培训框架往往不适合,并且不能普遍适用于 LAMICs 的文化背景.
- 当地,非西方的医疗保健传统经常被驳回,尽管在社区中受到信任和广泛使用.
- 现有的 MH 框架忽视了当地的困境成语和治疗实践的重要性.
结论:
- 在LAMICs中有效改善 MH 需要从仅仅依赖西方模型的范式转变.
- 重新想象 MH 需要将当地的困境成语,治疗和痛苦的解释模型放在中心.
- 将西方框架与成功的,文化相关的本地方法相结合,为提高LAMIC地区的MH结果提供了最有前途的途径.
更多相关视频
08:10Neuroimaging Field Methods Using Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy NIRS Neuroimaging to Study Global Child Development: Rural Sub-Saharan Africa
Published on: February 2, 2018
14.9K
14:32Using Visual and Narrative Methods to Achieve Fair Process in Clinical Care
Published on: February 16, 2011
23.7K
相关概念视频
Community Based Intervention
65
Community-based interventions in mental health represent a paradigm shift from institution-centered care to treatments embedded within the fabric of local communities. By prioritizing inclusion and leveraging existing societal structures, this approach fosters a supportive environment conducive to addressing mental health challenges while promoting individual dignity and agency.
Foundations of Community Mental Health Programs
Central to the success of community-based interventions is the...
Foundations of Community Mental Health Programs
Central to the success of community-based interventions is the...
65
Primary Healthcare Services
1.4K
Primary care promotes wellness and prevents disease. This care includes health promotion, education, protection (such as immunizations), early disease screening, and environmental considerations. Settings providing this type of healthcare include physician offices, public health clinics, school nursing, and community health nursing.
In 1978, international leaders convened in Alma-Ata, Kazakhstan, for what would be a pivotal event in global health. The Alma-Ata Declaration was the first to call...
In 1978, international leaders convened in Alma-Ata, Kazakhstan, for what would be a pivotal event in global health. The Alma-Ata Declaration was the first to call...
1.4K
Stress and Mental Health
180
Chronic stress profoundly affects mental health, significantly influencing mood, behavior, and overall quality of life. Research closely links chronic stress with mental health conditions such as depression, anxiety, and substance use disorders. Ongoing exposure to stress can lead to physiological and psychological changes, initiating a cycle of emotional distress and maladaptive coping mechanisms.
Individuals with depression often experience challenges in both their personal and professional...
Individuals with depression often experience challenges in both their personal and professional...
180
Methods Of Healthcare Delivery System
3.3K
At the different levels of the healthcare system, we see varying methods of healthcare used. These methods include managed care systems, case management, and primary healthcare.
Managed Care System:
The managed care system is designed to control the cost while maintaining the quality of care. The patient's care from admission to discharge is planned by the primary care provider or the case manager, also known as the gatekeeper. In a managed care system, the number of care providers is...
Managed Care System:
The managed care system is designed to control the cost while maintaining the quality of care. The patient's care from admission to discharge is planned by the primary care provider or the case manager, also known as the gatekeeper. In a managed care system, the number of care providers is...
3.3K
International Nursing Organizations II
1.0K
The World Health Organization (WHO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations based in Geneva. The WHO has many initiatives that center around health. Primarily, they lead global efforts to expand universal health coverage using science-based policies and programs. They are also responsible for shaping health research agendas and developing norms and standards.
The WHO provides expert team support, including funding, vaccines, testing, and treatment tools at the country level to fight...
The WHO provides expert team support, including funding, vaccines, testing, and treatment tools at the country level to fight...
1.0K
Dimensions of Health and Illness
7.4K
The factors influencing the health-illness continuum can be internal or external and may or may not be under conscious control. They are related to the following eight human dimensions, and each dimension is interrelated to one other.
7.4K
