胺类药物提高了在注意力缺陷/多动障碍中投入努力的动机
Trevor T-J Chong1,2,3, Erika Fortunato4, Mark A Bellgrove4
1Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia trevor.chong@monash.edu.
概括
患有注意力缺陷/多动症障碍 (ADHD) 的人对艰苦任务的动机较低. 氨基胺药物有效地恢复了对认知和身体努力的动机,与对照组相比.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 行为科学 行为科学
背景情况:
- 注意力缺陷/多动症 (ADHD) 经常以减少动机为特征.
- 由于ADHD对认知和身体努力的意愿的影响尚未得到充分理解.
- 兴奋剂药物的有效性在解决ADHD的动机缺陷需要进一步的研究.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究与对照人群相比,ADHD患者的努力敏感性.
- 检查安非他胺药物对ADHD中努力行为的动机的影响.
- 为了确定安非他胺是否会恢复基于努力的决策到健康个体中所见的水平.
主要方法:
- 一组20名患有ADHD (服用安非他命药物) 的个人和24名对照参与了这项研究.
- 患有多动症的个体在两次平衡的会议中进行了测试:启动和关闭他们通常的药物.
- 参与者完成了一项基于努力的决策任务,评估他们愿意为获得奖励而付出认知和身体努力的意愿.
主要成果:
- 与OFF药物治疗时的对照人群相比,患有ADHD的个体在认知和身体领域投入努力的动机明显较低.
- 在ADHD组中,安非他胺治疗导致ADHD组的认知和身体努力领域的动机均增加.
- 胺治疗的净效果是恢复对努力的动机,使其达到与健康对照人相比的水平.
结论:
- 对认知和身体努力的高度敏感性是ADHD的一个关键特征.
- 基于氨基胺的药物有效地恢复了ADHD患者的努力敏感性.
- katekholamines 在激发努力行为方面发挥域一般作用,支持它们在动机障碍中的治疗潜力.
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