膀癌的性别和性别差异背后的生物学差异:当前总结和未来方向
Bhavisha Doshi1, Sarah R Athans1, Anna Woloszynska2
1Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14203, USA.
Oncogenesis
|September 4, 2023
概括
男人患膀癌的发病率更高,而女性经常面临更严重的疾病和较差的结果. 了解生物差异是开发适合所有患者的量身定制治疗的关键.
科学领域:
- 泌尿器科 泌尿器科 泌尿器科 泌尿器科
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 内分泌学 在内分泌学.
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 表观遗传学 在表观遗传学中,表观遗传学是指表观遗传学.
背景情况:
- 与女性相比,男性的膀癌发病率是男性的四倍.
- 女性膀癌患者经常出现更高级别的疾病,并经历更糟糕的临床结果.
- 目前膀癌的临床管理策略并没有考虑到观察到的性别和性别差异.
研究的目的:
- 对有关膀癌的男性和女性之间生物差异的现有研究进行批判性分析.
- 评估这些生物差异对膀癌发病率和结果差异的贡献.
- 为了告知性别和性别特异性精密医学方法的发展,用于膀癌.
主要方法:
- 综合审查和批判性分析科学文献.
- 检查报告有关区分男性和女性膀癌患者的生物学因素的研究.
- 评估免疫系统特征,激素水平和遗传/表观遗传变化对疾病差异的影响.
主要成果:
- 男性和女性之间存在显著的生物学差异,这有助于膀癌差异.
- 关键因素包括不同的免疫系统特征,不同的激素水平和受体表达,以及不同的遗传和表观遗传变化.
- 这些生物变异可能是性别之间不同发病率和临床结果的基础.
结论:
- 生物差异,包括免疫,荷尔蒙,遗传和表观遗传因素,在膀癌中显著导致性别和性别差异.
- 临床管理必须不断发展,以纳入这些生物学差异.
- 未来的研究应该优先考虑承认和调查性别和性别的实验设计,为准确医学铺平道路,为所有人治疗膀癌.
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