鼠的雌性周期的混合遗产
1Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, 2121 Berkeley Way West, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA. irvzuck@berkeley.edu.
Biology of sex differences
|September 4, 2023
概括
对于大鼠雌性周期的认识导致使用两性研究的研究减少,更多的仅用于男性的研究,并将雌性大鼠排除在研究之外. 最近对其益处的认可增加了纳入雌性循环的研究.
科学领域:
- 内分泌学和生殖生物学.
- 神经科学和行为科学.
- 生物医学研究方法的方法.
背景情况:
- 1922年发现的老鼠雌激循环在内分泌研究中起到了关键作用,有助于研究荷尔蒙对各种特征的影响.
- 鼠的月经周期和人类的月经周期之间的相似之处使人们对人类生殖生理学的理解得到了提高.
- 这项研究调查了大鼠雌性周期的认识如何影响生物医学研究中的性别偏见,特别是排除雌性大鼠.
研究的目的:
- 评估了解大鼠雌性周期对生物医学研究中性别偏见的出现的影响.
- 分析随着时间的推移,研究中包括雌性大鼠与雄性大鼠的趋势.
- 检查大鼠雌激周期描述与研究实践之间的相关性.
主要方法:
- 从1918年到1976年,美国生理学杂志发表的485篇文章的综合分析,表述了在老鼠研究中使用女性,男性,两性或未指定的性别的情况.
- 一项二次分析追踪了从1950年到2021年在PubMed的所有学科中涉及老鼠雌激周期的研究数量.
主要成果:
- 对于大鼠雌激周期的认识和描述与使用两性研究的显着减少以及仅使用男性研究的增加有关.
- 显著的性别偏见出现了,导致雌性大鼠被排除在生物医学研究的大量部分之外.
- 结合老鼠雌激周期的研究表明,这种情况显著增加,在2021年达到顶峰.
结论:
- 最初对老鼠雌激周期的描述无意中导致了两性研究的减少和仅男性研究的增加.
- 虽然雌性大鼠本质上并不比雄性更具变异性,但它们被排除在研究之外一直是一个重大问题.
- 当代研究越来越多地认识到纳入气周期的优势,导致此类研究的复苏.
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