儿童体育活动分布中的性别差异:来自9个国家的证据
Luke Kretschmer1,2, Gul Deniz Salali3, Lars Bo Andersen4
1Centre for Longitudinal Studies, Social Research Institute, UCL, London, UK. luke.kretschmer.18@ucl.ac.uk.
The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity
|September 4, 2023
概括
男孩比女孩更多地从事中度至强度的体力活动 (MVPA),他们的活动水平更具变化. 了解这些分布差异是有效的儿童活动干预措施的关键.
科学领域:
- 儿科健康 儿科健康
- 运动科学 运动科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 儿童体育活动对健康和发育至关重要.
- 以前的研究往往侧重于平均活动水平,忽视了性别之间的完全分布差异.
- 这项研究探讨了儿童体育活动强度的完全分布中的性别差异.
研究的目的:
- 调查多国儿童样本中体育活动在不同强度的分布中的性别差异.
- 不仅要比较平均活动水平,还要比较男孩和女孩之间的变化和偏差.
- 为未来关于儿童体育活动和性别不平等的研究和干预提供信息.
主要方法:
- 利用协调的国际儿童加速计数据库 (ICAD) 采用来自9个国家的15461名儿童的数据.
- 采用了位置,形状和规模的通用增值模型 (GAMLSS) 来分析活动分布.
- 检查了静坐,轻度和中度至强度体力活动 (MVPA) 和每分钟总计数 (CPM) 的性别差异.
主要成果:
- 在中度至强度体力活动 (MVPA) 和每分钟计数 (CPM) 中观察到显著的性别差异.
- 男孩的平均MVPA (38%高于平均值) 和CPM (20%高于平均值) 均高,但人与人之间的变化也更大 (MVPA的SD高30%,CPM的SD高17%).
- 在两性之间静坐或光强度活动分布上发现的差异很小.
结论:
- 身体活动中的性别不平等主要是由中度至强度身体活动 (MVPA) 的差异驱动的.
- 男孩的平均MVPA较高伴随着更大的变化,表明性别内的不同活动模式.
- 未来的干预措施必须考虑活动分配,以避免无意中增加性别群体内的不平等.
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