可修改的生活方式风险因素和多发性骨髓瘤诊断后的生存率
Simon Cheah1,2, Julie K Bassett1, Fiona J Bruinsma1,2
1Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia.
Expert review of hematology
|September 5, 2023
概括
健康饮食和避免吸烟可以改善多发性骨髓瘤的生存率. 更高的替代健康饮食指数 (AHEI) 评分和适度的酒精摄入量与减少死亡率有关,而吸烟则增加了死亡率.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 生活方式 医学 医疗
背景情况:
- 多发性骨髓瘤 (MM) 存活率有所提高,但对影响结果的生活方式因素的研究是有限的.
- 调查饮食,酒精,吸烟和肥胖等可修改因素对MM生存的影响至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 检查生活方式因素 (肥胖,饮食,酒精,吸烟) 与多发性骨髓瘤患者死亡率之间的关联.
- 为了确定特定的饮食模式,酒精消费或吸烟状态是否与所有原因和MM特定的死亡率相关.
主要方法:
- 通过癌症登记册招募了760例多发性骨髓瘤病例的队列.
- 灵活的参数生存模型被用来分析来自问卷和追踪到2020年的数据.
- 对各种生活方式暴露的危险比率 (HR) 和95%置信区间 (CI) 进行了计算.
主要成果:
- 更高的替代健康饮食指数 (AHEI) 分数与MM特异性死亡率的降低有关 (HR=0.84).
- 诊断前的酒精消费与MM特异性死亡率相比,与不饮酒者相比,显示出反向关联.
- 烟草吸烟与全因死亡率的增加有关 (前吸烟者:HR=1.44).
- 身体质量指数 (BMI) 和MM特异性或全因死亡率之间没有发现显著的关联.
结论:
- 研究结果支持对多发性骨髓瘤患者健康饮食和戒烟的建议.
- 更高质量的饮食,根据AHEI得分,可以提高MM诊断后的生存率.
- 改变生活方式,特别是饮食和戒烟,是改善MM幸存者的潜在策略.
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