在8周期间增加高强度训练对12岁青少年运动员最大氧气吸收的影响
Halvard Grendstad1, Jostein Hallén1
1Department of Physical Performance, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway.
高强度训练 (HIT) 在8周的年轻运动员中没有显著改善最大氧气摄入量 (V·O2max). 在训练组和对照组中,VO2max的变化是相似的,与自然生长并行.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 儿科运动生理学 运动生理学
- 心血管健康 呼吸系统健康
背景情况:
- 在青春期,最大的氧气摄入量 (V·O2max) 随着无脂肪质量 (FFM) 的增加而自然增加.
- 不同的训练强度对这种发展增长的具体影响尚未完全理解.
研究的目的:
- 在12岁的运动员中,比较高强度训练 (HIT) 与低强度力量和协调训练在V̇O2max的有效性.
- 为了确定HIT是否在8周的时间内与其他训练方式相比,在VO2max中提供了更好的改善.
主要方法:
- 35名年轻越野滑雪运动员被随机分配到一个HIT组 (ET) 或一个力量和协调组 (SC).
- 为了进行比较,包括一个不那么活跃的同龄人的对照组 (C).
- 在8周的干预之前和之后,测量了VO2max,人体测量和身体活动水平.
主要成果:
- 所有组在8周的时间内,绝对VO2max的百分比变化都相似 (约为5-6%).
- 在HIT,强度和协调和对照组之间没有观察到V̇O2max变化的显著差异.
- 与FFM相比,V̇O2max在任何组都没有显示出显著的变化.
结论:
- 在8周的青少年运动员中,观察到的VO2max的增加似乎主要是由自然生长 (FFM变化) 而不是特定的训练干预驱动的.
- 在这个队列中,高强度训练 (HIT) 与力量和协调训练或自然成熟相比,没有对VO2max产生更好的影响.
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