在Artiodactyla中,一个古老的逆转录病毒gagpol基因的进化保存
J'Zaria Simpson1, Christine A Kozak1, Guney Boso1
1Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases , Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Journal of virology
|September 5, 2023
概括
研究人员在哺乳动物中发现了最古老的完好无损的内源性逆转录病毒 (ERV) gagpol基因,在Artiodactyla物种中可以追溯到至少6400万年前. 这种古老的逆转录病毒基因,ARTgagpol,表现出广泛的组织表达,这表明哺乳动物的合作宿主功能.
科学领域:
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 古病毒学 (paleovirology) 是一种古病毒学.
- 哺乳动物进化 哺乳动物进化
背景情况:
- 哺乳动物基因组含有来自古代生殖系感染的内源逆转录病毒 (ERV).
- 虽然大多数ERV是遗留物,但一些基因被选择用于宿主功能,特别是像syncytins这样的包裹基因.
- 同选的口舌基因研究较少,最近在灵长类动物中发现了这一点.
研究的目的:
- 在非灵长类哺乳动物系中识别完整的内源性逆转录病毒基因.
- 为了研究古代ERV gag基因的进化历史和潜在功能.
主要方法:
- 现存的驼物种和其他Artiodactyla的基因组分析.
- 用大型开放式读取框架 (ORF) 识别 gagpol 基因.
- 遗传学分析,结构预测和识别基因的转录基因分析.
主要成果:
- 在Artiodactyla中发现了一个古老的gagpol基因 (ARTgagpol),至少在6400万年前固定在共同的祖先中.
- ARTgagpol具有可识别的矩阵,囊体,核囊体和逆转录酶域,与马逆转录病毒组合在一起.
- 转录组数据表明广泛的组织表达,表明潜在的被选择宿主功能.
结论:
- 在哺乳动物中确定了最古老和最大的ERV衍生 gagpol 基因,具有完整的ORF.
- ARTgagpol代表了哺乳动物逆转录病毒共同进化的重要里程碑.
- 这些发现表明,这种古老的逆转录病毒基因可能被化,以发挥有益的宿主作用.
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