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Updated: Jul 17, 2025

A Two-Step Protocol for Umpolung Functionalization of Ketones Via Enolonium Species
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A Two-Step Protocol for Umpolung Functionalization of Ketones Via Enolonium Species

Published on: August 16, 2018

10.0K

染色学检查,分子对接,澄清选择性和 [3 + 2] 林醇和二氧化之间的循环添加反应的机制

Ali Barhoumi1, Kamal Ryachi2, Mohammed Elalaoui Belghiti3,4

  • 1Molecular Modelling and Spectroscopy Research Team, Faculty of Science, Chouaïb Doukkali University, P.O. Box 20, 24000, El Jadida, Morocco.

Journal of fluorescence
|September 5, 2023
PubMed
概括

这项研究使用分子电子密度理论研究了 [3+2] 循环添加反应,揭示了区域选择性,化学选择性和立体选择性途径. 这些发现表明,通过分析与COVID-19蛋白酶的相互作用,有可能开发天然抗病毒化合物.

关键词:
染色学检查 检查 染色学检查十一点 十一点 十一点林娜洛尔 (Linalool) 是一个名为林娜洛尔 (Linalool) 的语言.这里是MEDT MEDT.分子对接 分子对接具体地区 具体地区 具体地区

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Cycloaddition Reactions: Overview01:16

Cycloaddition Reactions: Overview

Cycloadditions are one of the most valuable and effective synthesis routes to form cyclic compounds. These are concerted pericyclic reactions between two unsaturated compounds resulting in a cyclic product with two new σ bonds formed at the expense of π bonds. The [4 + 2] cycloaddition, known as the Diels–Alder reaction, is the most common. The other example is a [2 + 2] cycloaddition.
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Cycloaddition Reactions: MO Requirements for Thermal Activation

Thermal cycloadditions are reactions where the source of activation energy needed to initiate the reaction is provided in the form of heat. A typical example of a thermally-allowed cycloaddition is the Diels–Alder reaction, which is a [4 + 2] cycloaddition. In contrast, a [2 + 2] cycloaddition is thermally forbidden.
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Halogenation is the addition of chlorine or bromine across the double bond in an alkene to yield a vicinal dihalide. The reaction occurs in the presence of inert and non-nucleophilic solvents, such as methylene chloride, chloroform, or carbon tetrachloride.
Consider the bromination of cyclopentene. Molecular bromine is polarized in the proximity of the π electrons of cyclopentene. An electrophilic bromine atom adds across the double bond, forming a cyclic bromonium ion intermediate.
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Benzylic halogenation takes place under conditions that favor radical reactions such as heat, light, or a free radical initiator like peroxide.
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Cycloaddition Reactions: MO Requirements for Photochemical Activation

Some cycloaddition reactions are activated by heat, while others are initiated by light. For example, a [2 + 2] cycloaddition between two ethylene molecules occurs only in the presence of light. It is photochemically allowed but thermally forbidden.
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Chlorination and bromination are important classes of electrophilic aromatic substitutions, where benzene reacts with chlorine or bromine in the presence of a Lewis acid catalyst to give halogenated substitution products. A Lewis acid such as aluminium chloride or ferric chloride catalyzes the chlorination, and ferric bromide catalyzes the bromination reactions. During the bromination of alkenes, bromine polarizes and becomes electrophilic. However, in the bromination of benzene, the bromine...
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