一个新的认知训练计划针对刺激驱动的注意力来改变儿童焦虑症的症状,行为和神经回路:试点临床试验
Andrew T Drysdale1,2, Michael J Myers3, Jennifer C Harper3
1Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.
Journal of child and adolescent psychopharmacology
|September 5, 2023
概括
这项研究表明,注意力训练可以通过改善儿童的注意力控制和减少特定大脑区域的活动来减少儿童的焦虑. 这种方法为治疗儿科焦虑症提供了一种新方法.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
背景情况:
- 儿科焦虑与刺激驱动注意力 (SDA) 的增加有关,即对刺激的非自愿关注.
- 这种增加的SDA与右腹侧前额皮层 (rVLPFC) 的更大活动相关,特别是腹侧注意力网络 (VAN).
研究的目的:
- 评估一项旨在减少儿科焦虑的新型注意力训练计划.
- 该计划旨在减少刺激驱动的注意力 (SDA) 和相关的右腹侧前额皮层 (rVLPFC) 活动.
主要方法:
- 在4周的时间里,为18名患有焦虑障碍的儿童 (8-12岁) 进行了8次注意力训练.
- 通过认知任务评估临床焦虑,SDA,面向目标的注意力和威胁偏见.
- 在12名参与者的子集中利用神经成像 (fMRI) 来检查rVLPFC活动训练前和训练后.
主要成果:
- 观察到父母,孩子和临床医生评估焦虑的显著减少.
- 注意力训练成功地改变了刺激驱动的注意力 (SDA).
- 在rVLPFC的皮带-骨干网络 (CON) 部分的活性降低与训练后焦虑的降低相关.
结论:
- 注意力训练是治疗儿科焦虑的一个有前途的干预措施.
- 调节SDA和rVLPFC活动代表了焦虑障碍的潜在治疗标.
- 这些发现表明,针对注意力机制可以缓解焦虑症状并改变相关的神经回路.
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