多样化的农场支持森林鸟类种群,尽管热带森林正在持续下降
J Nicholas Hendershot1,2, Alejandra Echeverri1,2,3, Luke O Frishkoff4
1Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305.
概括
多样化的农业维持野生动物种群,特别是森林相关物种,提供了对息地丧失的关键缓冲. 密集型农场表现出混合的结果,突出了可持续农业实践对生物多样性的重要性.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 保护生物学 保护生物学
- 农业科学 农业科学
背景情况:
- 农业景观在长期支持野生动物种群的能力方面有所不同.
- 了解土地利用对生物多样性的影响对于有效的保护战略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较哥斯达黎加成熟森林,多样化农场和密集型农场的鸟类种群趋势.
- 评估不同土地使用类型对居民和候鸟种群的影响.
主要方法:
- 从2000年到2017年,鸟类种群的样本沿着48个横段被采集.
- 开发了种群模型来分析349种居民和80种迁徙物种的趋势.
- 土地利用对人口动态的影响在森林,多样化农场和密集农场息地中进行了评估.
主要成果:
- 在所有土地使用类型中,23%的物种保持稳定;其他物种显示出几乎均的增长和下降.
- 森林息地表现出更高的物种减少 (62%),特别是森林附属的反动物.
- 多样化农场的农业相关物种数量有所下降,但森林相关的反动物和果类动物数量有所增加.
- 密集型农场显示50%的增长和50%的下降,与农业相关的反转植物和森林相关的果类植物的下降.
结论:
- 多样化的农业实践有助于维持各种野生动物种群,包括森林相关物种.
- 虽然不能完全弥补森林息地的损失,但多样化的农场提供了对野生动物的重要支持.
- 调查结果强调了多元化农业在不断变化的景观中在生物多样性保护中的作用.
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