在屋顶到梯子的过渡过程中,穿越延伸修改了所需的摩擦方向
Sarah C Griffin1, Violet Williams1, Natasa Vidic2
1University of Pittsburgh, Department of Bioengineering, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, United States.
Journal of biomechanics
|September 5, 2023
概括
梯子过渡带来了跌倒的风险. 这项研究发现,与穿行梯相比,传统的梯子需要更高的中侧摩擦,但前后摩擦较少,这会影响安全.
科学领域:
- 职业安全与健康问题 职业安全与健康问题
- 生物力学 生物力学
- 人体工程学就是人体工程学.
背景情况:
- 从梯子上摔倒,特别是在过渡期间,是造成严重伤害和死亡的重要原因.
- 在这些过渡过程中滑倒是导致跌倒的主要起始事件.
研究的目的:
- 在下降的屋顶到梯子过渡过程中描述摩擦要求和身体动力学.
- 为了比较传统梯子和带有走路延伸的梯子之间的这些参数.
主要方法:
- 经常使用梯子的健康成年人 (n=17) 进行了从屋顶到梯子的下降过渡.
- 记录了脚动力学和身体动力学,以计算峰值所需的摩擦系数 (RCOF) 和身体角度.
- 使用统计分析 (ANOVA,Spearman's rho) 来评估差异和关联.
主要成果:
- 与步行梯相比,传统的梯子要求更高的中侧 (ML) RCOF (p<0.001) 和较低的前后 (AP) RCOF (p=0.004).
- 脚角与整体RCOF (r=-0.724,p<0.001) 和AP RCOF (r=-0.871,p<0.001) 强烈相关.
- 前面平面机身角与ML RCOF相关 (r=0.782,p<0.001),梯子附件改变了动力学,降低了ML RCOF.
结论:
- 梯子设计和用户动力学在屋顶到梯子过渡期间显著影响摩擦要求.
- 研究结果表明,这对设计具有多方向摩擦的梯子和开发身体位置监控系统有意义.
- 了解这些生物力学因素可以提高梯子安全协议和设计.
更多相关视频
05:26Determination of the Mechanical Properties of Flexible Connectors for Use in Insulated Concrete Wall Panels
Published on: October 19, 2022
1.7K
08:24Sit-to-stand-and-walk from 120% Knee Height: A Novel Approach to Assess Dynamic Postural Control Independent of Lead-limb
Published on: August 30, 2016
10.3K
相关概念视频
Types of Friction Problems
565
Friction is an essential concept in physics, engineering, and everyday life. It is the force that opposes the relative motion or tendency of such motion between two surfaces in contact. One of the most common types of friction encountered in various applications is dry friction. Dry friction problems can be broadly categorized into three types, each with unique characteristics and challenges.
The first type of dry friction problem involves situations where there is no apparent impending motion....
The first type of dry friction problem involves situations where there is no apparent impending motion....
565
Method of Joints: Problem Solving II
615
Consider a truss structure with frictionless joints fixed to a wall and roller support. If a force of 150 N is applied to joint A, the forces in each member of the truss can be determined using the method of joints.
615
Expansion and Contraction in Masonry Walls
976
Masonry walls are subject to slight expansion and contraction due to variations in temperature and moisture. Thermal movement in masonry is relatively straightforward to measure and plan for. On the other hand, moisture movement poses more of a challenge. New clay masonry units typically absorb water and expand over time under normal environmental conditions. Conversely, new concrete masonry units tend to shrink as they lose the excess moisture acquired during their production process.
To...
To...
976
Free-body Diagrams: Problem Solving
743
Free-body diagrams are essential tools for physicists and engineers studying the motion of objects. Free-body diagrams are graphical representations of the object or system under consideration, and they focus solely on the essential forces acting on the object. This tool helps break down complex problems into simpler models that are easier to understand and solve.
For example, consider a block with a mass of 10 kg released on an inclined plane at an angle of 30° to the horizontal, where...
For example, consider a block with a mass of 10 kg released on an inclined plane at an angle of 30° to the horizontal, where...
743
Friction: Problem Solving
257
Friction is an essential force that influences the motion of objects in daily life. Depending on the situation, it can be either beneficial or problematic. Consider a bus with a mass of three megagrams and its center of mass at a specific point, moving along a banked road at a constant speed. The coefficient of static friction between the tires and the road is 0.5. Find the maximum angle of the banked road at which the bus would not slip or tip.
Initially, a visual representation of the...
Initially, a visual representation of the...
257
Design Example: Traverse Angle Computations
101
Traverse angle computations are a critical component of surveying, used to compute the internal angles within a closed traverse. A traverse consists of a series of connected lines forming a closed loop, often used for land boundary delineation or mapping. Calculating the internal angles ensures accuracy in the traverse geometry and is essential for checking survey data integrity.The process begins with known azimuths and bearings of the traverse sides. Internal angles at each vertex are...
101
