在长期护理中识别认知衰退的预测因素:范围审查
Gaurav Arora1, Christina Milani2, Peter Tanuseputro3
1University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. garor041@uottawa.ca.
BMC geriatrics
|September 5, 2023
概括
这次审查确定了痴呆症是长期护理 (LTC) 居民认知能力下降的关键风险因素. 保持日常生活活动的独立性 (ADLs) 成为老年人认知健康的重要保护因素.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 认知障碍对个人,护理人员和医疗保健系统造成重大负担,特别影响长期护理 (LTC) 环境中的脆弱老年人.
- 了解认知能力下降的风险因素对于在LTC环境中开发有针对性的干预措施至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 进行范围审查,并总结有关在LTC设施中居住的老年人认知衰退相关的风险因素的当前研究.
- 为了确定预测因素和保护因素影响认知变化随着时间的推移在这个人群中.
主要方法:
- 对2000年以后发表的初级观察性研究进行了全面的范围审查.
- 搜索包括Medline,Embase,CINAHL和PyscInfo,重点是针对65岁及以上参与者在LTC或同等环境中的研究.
- 两个独立的评论员选了标题,摘要和全文,提取了特定的预测因素及其与认知衰退的关系.
主要成果:
- 三十八项研究在14620名参与者的平均样本中检查了认知衰退的87个独特预测因素.
- 痴呆症是最常被研究和最具结论性的危险因素. 其他确定的风险包括动脉硬,身体虚弱,子综合征妄想和COVID-19封锁.
- 日常生活活动 (ADL) 独立是最具决定性的保护因素,其次是社会参与. 许多预测者没有显示任何关联或相互矛盾的结果.
结论:
- 痴呆症是主要的风险因素,而ADL独立性是LTC居民对认知衰退的最重要的保护因素.
- 研究结果可以通过针对认知衰退管理,为老年人提供风险分层和个性化护理策略.
- 本综述强调了改善长期护理机构认知健康结果的关键因素.
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