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在接种Vaxzevria疫苗后的粘膜抗体反应

Kevin J Selva¹, Pradhipa Ramanathan¹, Ebene R Haycroft¹

¹Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.

Immunology and cell biology

|September 6, 2023

概括

肌肉内接种Vaxzevria疫苗可以在康复的COVID-19患者中增加粘膜抗体. 然而,反应显示偏向于祖先的SARS-CoV-2菌株,而唾液IgA提供了对变种的更广泛的保护.

科学领域:

免疫学免疫学免疫学
病毒学病毒学
疫苗学疫苗学疫苗学

背景情况:

粘膜抗体对于防御COVID-19突破性感染和新的病毒变异至关重要.
基于腺病毒 (Vaxzevria) 的肌肉内接种疫苗会引起较弱的鼻腔抗体反应,特别是在以前未被感染的个体中.
疫苗接种对粘膜抗体Fc对SARS-CoV-2关注变体 (VoCs) 的反应的影响仍然基本上未知.

研究的目的:

调查Vaxzevria疫苗接种如何影响仅接种疫苗和COVID-19康复疫苗接种者的粘膜和血抗体Fc反应.
评估这些抗体对包括Omicron菌株在内的各种SARS-CoV-2VoC的交叉反应性.

主要方法:

来自两个组的配对粘膜 (唾液,眼) 和血抗体的分析:仅接种疫苗和COVID-19康复者,接种疫苗的人.
对SARS-CoV-2祖先特定的IgG抗体进行分析,这些抗体能够激活FcγR3a.
对一组SARS-CoV-2 VoC进行抗体反应测试.

主要成果:

与仅接种疫苗的个人相比,COVID-19康复的Vaxzevria疫苗接种者表现出明显更高的粘膜IgG抗体参与FcγR3a.
测试的IgG和FcγR3a参与抗体显示出祖先中心偏差,对Omicron菌株的识别能力降低.
唾液IgA与血IgA不同,对所有测试的SARS-CoV-2VoCs表现出广泛的交叉反应性.

结论:

肌肉内接种Vaxzevria疫苗可以增强先前患有COVID-19感染的个体的粘膜抗体反应.
在IgG反应中以祖先为中心的偏差可能会限制对新出现的SARS-CoV-2变体的保护.
广泛交叉反应性粘膜IgA为未来的SARS-CoV-2疫苗开发提供了一个有希望的途径,以解决免疫缺口.

关键词:

在 COVID-19 疫情中,这就是SARS-CoV-2病毒.瓦克塞维里亚是什么意思抗体是对抗体的重要组成部分.这是唾液,唾液.眼眼眼眼

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