种类特征的多样性维持了淡水渔业提供的多种食营养素
Sebastian A Heilpern1, Guido A Herrera-R2, Kathryn J Fiorella3
1Department of Natural Resources and Environment, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA.
Ecology letters
|September 6, 2023
概括
鱼类组合中的高特征多样性确保了更好的营养供应,使用更少的生物质. 淡水渔业中这种多样性的丧失可能会增加捕捞压力,影响全球粮食安全.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 渔业 科学 渔业 科学
- 营养科学 营养科学
背景情况:
- 生物多样性,特别是物种的特征多样性,对于生态系统的功能和服务至关重要.
- 淡水渔业为数百万人提供了必需的营养,但面临过度捕捞和息地碎片化的威胁.
- 鱼类特征多样性与同时提供多种食营养素之间的关系仍未得到充分研究.
研究的目的:
- 分析消费鱼类营养特征多样性的丧失如何影响同时提供六种必需的饮食营养素.
- 评估特征多样性在维持淡水渔业对人类种群的营养贡献中的作用.
主要方法:
- 利用来自亚马逊和莱萨普淡水渔业的家庭数据,这些渔业以其高生产率和多样性而闻名.
- 分析了鱼类组合,以量化物种特征多样性和营养含量之间的关系.
- 评估了不同鱼类组合满足每日营养摄入量需求的能力.
主要成果:
- 发现具有更大的特征多样性的鱼类组合满足了更广泛的营养素所需的每日营养摄入量的更高门.
- 高特征多样性允许以较少的总鱼类生物量满足营养需求.
- 在物种的营养成分概况中,低冗余被确定为这种生物多样性效应的主要驱动因素.
结论:
- 维持鱼类对人类饮食的营养贡献需要在鱼类组合中保持高特征多样性.
- 鱼类生物多样性下降可能需要增加生物质提取以满足营养需求,可能会加剧对脆弱生态系统的压力.
- 淡水渔业的保护战略应考虑特征多样性,以确保持续提供必需营养素.
相关概念视频
01:19What is Biodiversity?
27.4K
Biodiversity describes the variety of living things at multiple organizational levels: genetic, species and ecosystem diversity. Species diversity includes all branches of the evolutionary tree from single-celled prokaryotic organisms, bacteria, and archaea, to the eukaryotic kingdoms: plants; animals; fungi; and protists. To date, there have been about 1.75 million species identified, and new species are discovered every week.
27.4K
01:27Diversity of Protists IV
37
Amoebozoa represent a diverse group of terrestrial and aquatic protists that utilize lobe-shaped pseudopodia for locomotion and feeding. This characteristic differentiates them from the Rhizaria, which possess threadlike pseudopodia. The primary classifications within Amoebozoa include gymnamoebas, entamoebas, and the plasmodial and cellular slime molds. Phylogenetic evidence indicates that Amoebozoa diverged from a lineage that ultimately gave rise to fungi and animals.Gymnamoebas and...
37
01:15Diversity of Protists I
35
Excavata is a diverse group of protists that includes both chemoorganotrophic and phototrophic species, with some thriving in anaerobic environments. Among the key groups within Excavata are diplomonads and parabasalids, which are flagellated protists that lack mitochondria and chloroplasts. These microorganisms typically inhabit anoxic environments, such as the intestines of animals, where they exist either symbiotically or as parasites, relying on fermentation for energy production. Some...
35
01:27Diversity of Protists II
39
Alveolates are a group of organisms recognized by the presence of alveoli, which are cytoplasmic sacs located beneath the cell membrane. While their function remains uncertain, alveoli may help regulate water balance by controlling how much water enters and leaves the cell. In dinoflagellates, these structures may serve as armor plates. There are three major types of alveolates: ciliates, which move using cilia; dinoflagellates, which use flagella for movement; and apicomplexans, which are...
39
01:27Diversity of Protists III
48
Rhizaria are a diverse group of unicellular protists characterized by their threadlike cytoplasmic extensions known as pseudopodia. These structures aid in both locomotion and feeding, giving Rhizaria an amoeboid appearance. Their amoeboid morphology once led to taxonomic confusion, but molecular phylogenetics has clarified their evolutionary placement and emphasized their shared use of pseudopodia despite divergent lineages.This clade comprises diverse lineages such as Chlorarachniophyta,...
48
02:32Osmoregulation in Fishes
49.9K
When cells are placed in a hypotonic (low-salt) fluid, they can swell and burst. Meanwhile, cells in a hypertonic solution—with a higher salt concentration—can shrivel and die. How do fish cells avoid these gruesome fates in hypotonic freshwater or hypertonic seawater environments?
49.9K