综合社会特征判断来自自闭症谱系障碍的面孔
Runnan Cao1,2, Na Zhang2, Hongbo Yu3
1Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis.
Psychological science
|September 6, 2023
概括
患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的人与神经典型个体不同地处理面部的社会信息,在特征判断中表现出较低的特异性. 这种差异与面部和特征的利用方式有关.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
- 社会的认知社会认知.
背景情况:
- 患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的人往往难以处理来自面部的社会信息.
- 之前的研究还没有完全澄清ASD和神经类型个体之间是否存在高层次面部社会特征判断的差异.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查ASD个体是否从脸上做出高层次的社会特征判断,类似于神经类型个体.
- 探索驱动基于面部的社会判断中观察到的任何差异的潜在机制.
主要方法:
- 使用自然主义的面部图像和一个代表性的社会特征集进行判断任务.
- 采用深度神经网络来分析面部特征并识别群体之间的使用差异.
- 包括在线自我报告的自闭症参与者和在实验室中表征良好的参与者,在研究中进行复制.
主要成果:
- 与神经类型个体相比,自报告ASD的参与者表现出不同的判断和社会特征中的特异性减少,尽管基本的维度结构相似.
- 深度神经网络分析表明,群体差异与特定的面部类型和差异性特征利用有关.
- 研究结果在实验室参与者中复制,并部分概括到受控面部图像.
结论:
- 从面孔上判断社会特征在ASD个体和神经典型个体之间存在差异,突出了社会认知的差异.
- 该研究提供了对社会认知的基本维度及其在神经发育特征中的变异的洞察.
- 了解这些差异对更广泛的人群中社会认知的行为后果有影响.
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