对年轻和中年成年人走路,听力和记忆的探索性研究
Karen S Helfer1, Richard van Emmerik2, Richard L Freyman1
1Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst.
Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR
|September 6, 2023
概括
在行走时倾听和记忆会影响步态和认知任务,尤其对中年人来说. 多任务增加了头部加速,这表明复杂活动期间失衡的风险更大.
科学领域:
- 认知神经科学是一种认知神经科学.
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 生物力学 生物力学
背景情况:
- 与年龄相关的语音感知下降已经得到了充分的证据.
- 了解认知负载对运动任务的影响对于安全和性能至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究同时进行的听觉记忆任务如何影响年轻和中年人的步态,语音感知和记忆回忆.
- 为了确定与年龄相关的差异,同时执行这些任务的能力.
主要方法:
- 参与者 (年轻人和中年人) 在站立或在跑步机上行走时执行语音感知和记忆任务.
- 测量了步行参数,包括步伐持续时间,步骤变化和头部加速.
- 任务被单独执行和组合执行,以评估认知负载效应.
主要成果:
- 在中年成年人中,语音感知较差,并且随着增加的记忆任务负载而下降.
- 当与语音任务相结合时,记忆性能下降,但与行走并没有显著下降.
- 增加中侧头部加速 (表明平衡问题) 在多任务处理期间观察到,特别是在老年人中.
- 在多任务处理时,步伐持续时间增加.
结论:
- 在行走时执行听力和记忆任务可能会对两个年龄组的步行稳定性和认知表现产生负面影响.
- 中年成人在双重任务条件下更容易出现平衡障碍.
- 研究结果突出了认知需求和运动控制之间的复杂相互作用,对现实世界的活动产生了影响.
相关概念视频
01:22Eyewitness Memory
135
Eyewitness memory refers to the recollection of events by someone who has directly witnessed them, often serving as critical evidence in legal settings. This type of memory is commonly used in criminal cases where a witness describes details like a suspect's appearance, clothing, or behavior during a crime. However, despite its perceived reliability, eyewitness memory is prone to significant errors.
One such error is memory distortion, which occurs because human memory does not function...
One such error is memory distortion, which occurs because human memory does not function...
135
01:30Cognitive Development During Adulthood
155
Cognitive development continues throughout adulthood, undergoing significant shifts across early, middle, and late stages. Individual transition occurs from adolescent idealism to pragmatic and adaptable thinking in early adulthood. During this period, individuals learn to integrate personal beliefs with the recognition that other perspectives are equally valid. Exposure to the complexities of modern society, diverse experiences, and higher education contribute to this adaptive thought process,...
155