听觉,词汇和多任务需求互动影响听力努力
Stefanie E Kuchinsky1,2,3, Niki Razeghi3, Nick B Pandža2,4,5
1Audiology and Speech Pathology Center, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD.
Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR
|September 6, 2023
概括
倾听的努力受到语言特征和认知负载的影响. 较低的单词频率和更简单的多任务需求揭示了信号噪声比对听力努力的预期影响.
科学领域:
- 听觉感知是一种听觉感知.
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 语音处理 语音处理
背景情况:
- 倾听力是沟通的关键因素,特别是在杂的环境中.
- 了解各种因素如何影响听力,对于开发有效的助听器和沟通策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究声学,语言和认知任务的互动效应,需要倾听的努力.
- 确定信号与噪声比 (SNR),词汇频率和多任务复杂性如何影响听力努力的感知.
主要方法:
- 采用了一种双重任务模式,涉及噪音中的主要词识别任务和不同复杂度的次要视觉任务.
- 参与者重复了来自西北大学听力测试号的单词. 6呈现在不同的SNR和词汇频率.
- 第二次任务涉及到简单的反应时间反应或奇数/偶数区分.
主要成果:
- 观察到一个显著的三向相互作用,表明SNR对听力效应的影响取决于词汇频率和多任务需求.
- 在更简单的多任务条件下,SNR对努力的预期影响仅对低频词显而易见.
- 与次要任务相关的更高的认知需求似乎掩盖了SNR对听力努力的影响.
结论:
- 语音刺激的变化,如词汇频率,可以显著影响双任务范式在测量倾听力度的灵敏度.
- 增加的认知负载可能会影响SNR对听力努力的预期影响的检测,突出了认知和听觉过程之间的相互作用.
- 这些发现强调了在评估或管理真实世界的场景中倾听努力时考虑语言和多任务需求的重要性.
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