通过预先拉紧安全带来重新定位向前倾斜的乘客
Ekant Mishra1, Krystoffer Mroz1, Nils Lubbe1,2
1Autoliv Research, Vårgårda, Sweden.
Traffic injury prevention
|September 7, 2023
概括
安全带预拉伸器可以在事故前的事件中重新定位向前倾斜的乘客. 最佳的力和时间取决于自动紧急制动 (AEB) 和安全带类型,以有效地重新定位乘客.
科学领域:
- 汽车安全工程 汽车安全工程
- 生物力学 生物力学
- 有限元分析 有限元分析
背景情况:
- 在事故发生前,乘客的位置对于安全带的有效性至关重要.
- 向前倾斜的乘客可能无法从安全装置中获得最佳的好处.
- 有限元模拟提供了一种研究乘客动态的方法.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定所需的安全带前紧张力和激活时间,以重新定位平均男性乘客.
- 评估自动紧急制动 (AEB) 和安全带类型对重新定位有效性的影响.
- 使用主动SAFER人体模型 (Active SHBM) 模拟乘客的重新定位.
主要方法:
- 使用前向倾斜姿势的Active SHBM进行有限元模拟.
- 模拟了24个碰撞前的场景,其中包括AEB激活,安全带系统 (安全带与B柱),前紧张器激活时间和力.
- 分析了第一个胸椎 (T1 X) 的轨迹,以评估将其重新定位到直立位置.
主要成果:
- 带有座椅带系统和没有AEB的最低预张力400N足以重新定位,大约需要350ms.
- 随着AEB的激活,600N的前紧张力在AEB需要之前激活了200ms,重新定位时间为200ms (座椅带) 和260ms (B柱).
- 带入座椅系统在所有测试条件下表现出更快,更有效的重新定位.
结论:
- 安全带前紧张力,激活时间,AEB存在和安全带类型显著影响乘客的重新定位.
- 在特定的参数组合下,实现了向前倾斜的乘客模型的有效重新定位.
- 优化的前紧张系统提供了一种可行的策略,通过在事故发生之前重新定位位位外的乘客来提高车辆安全.
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