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下呼吸道失生症增加了轻度至中度慢性阻塞性肺病中的肺炎性损伤
Imran Sulaiman1,2,3,4, Benjamin G Wu1,2,5, Matthew Chung6
1Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine.
American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
|September 7, 2023
概括
下呼吸道微生物变化,或失生症,发生在慢性阻塞性肺病 (COPD) 的早期,并加剧炎症,当与吸烟相结合. 准这种肺微生物群可能有助于治疗.
科学领域:
- 肺部医学 肺部医学
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
背景情况:
- 慢性阻塞性肺病 (COPD) 对健康造成重大负担,吸烟是关键的危险因素.
- 虽然吸烟会导致COPD,但并非所有吸烟者都会患上这种疾病,这表明还有其他因素.
- 已知晚期COPD的微生物失生症,但其在早期阶段的作用尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 在轻度至中度的COPD中调查下呼吸道失调.
- 分析dysbiosis和COPD病原体之间的机械联系.
- 探索涉及肺微生物组的潜在治疗点.
主要方法:
- 招募了57名患者 (26名COPD,31名吸烟者对照) 具有>10包年吸烟史.
- 通过支气管检查从上/下呼吸道和环境收集的样本.
- 使用了16S rRNA测序,全基因组,元转录组学和宿主转录组学;采用了临床前小鼠模型.
主要成果:
- 在COPD患者的下呼吸道中,与对照组相比,口腔初始体的丰富.
- 主体转录组学显示,在轻度至中度的慢性肺炎中,炎症和瘤发生标志物 (例如IL-17,IL-6,MUC1) 的增加.
- 在小鼠中,香烟烟雾加上口腔开始性失生症放大了炎症损伤,反映了COPD的转录基因特征.
结论:
- 低呼吸道失调症,由烟雾暴露加剧,有助于COPD的早期炎症性损伤.
- 这些发现表明,肺微生物组是COPD病原发生的早期因素.
- 将针对微生物组的治疗与戒烟相结合,可能为COPD提供新的治疗途径.
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