孕期奶牛的蛋白质要求
M I Marcondes1, F P Provazi2, T Silvestre1
1Department of Animal Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164.
Journal of dairy science
|September 7, 2023
概括
这项研究确定了怀孕奶牛的蛋白质需求,确定了维护,生长和孕期的值. 这些发现表明,在母牛怀孕期间准确预测蛋白质需求的指数模型.
科学领域:
- 动物科学动物科学
- 乳制品营养 乳制品营养
- 生殖生理学 生殖生理学
背景情况:
- 准确估计蛋白质需求对于优化乳牛在妊娠期间的健康和生产力至关重要.
- 现有的模型可能无法完全捕捉怀孕期间蛋白质代谢的动态变化.
研究的目的:
- 估计孕期荷尔斯坦 × 吉尔母牛的维持 (MPm),生长 (NPg) 和妊娠 (NPgest) 的代谢蛋白 (MP) 需求.
- 为了确定可代谢蛋白质用于生长 (kg) 和妊娠 (kgest) 的效率.
- 提出一个模型来预测整个妊娠期间的蛋白质需求.
主要方法:
- 利用来自61只Holstein × Gyr奶牛 (怀孕,非怀孕和基线) 的数据来确定维护和生长需求.
- 采用线性回归和全度方程来估计MPm和NPg.
- 应用指数模型来量化妊娠期间的蛋白质积累 (NPgest) 并通过代方法计算kgest.
- 通过结合微生物蛋白质合成和可消化乳头不可降解蛋白质,估计了可代谢蛋白质摄入量 (MPI).
主要成果:
- 维护过程中可代谢的蛋白质 (MPm) 估计为3.88g EBW^0.75/d.
- 净蛋白质增益 (NPg) 用以下方程计算:NPg = 0.716 × (EBWopen^-0.308) × EBGc,使用效率 (k) 为 0.347.
- 孕期净蛋白 (NPgest) 遵循了一个指数式模式:NPgest (g/d) = 0.0008722 × exp^(0.01784 × GD) × (小牛体重/35),kgest = 0.625.
结论:
- 该研究为孕乳母牛的蛋白质需求提供了具体值,区分了维护,生长和妊娠需求.
- 建议使用指数模型来描述怀孕期间的蛋白质需求,因为怀孕组件中的蛋白质积累模式.
- 需要进一步的研究来验证结果和拟议的方法,特别是关于微生物蛋白质的估计实际应用.
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