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接种疫苗和未接种疫苗的囚犯中COVID-19感染率:一个回顾性队列研究
Luke Ko1, Gary Malet2, Lisa L Chang3
1Biomedical Sciences Pathway Program, California High School, San Ramon, USA.
Cureus
|September 8, 2023
概括
加利福尼亚州监狱中接种疫苗和未接种疫苗的个人中,COVID-19感染率很低. 双价疫苗在预防感染方面显示出很小的差异,特别是在老年人群中.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- COVID-19 (冠状病毒疾病2019) 仍然普遍存在,Omicron亚型变体在接种疫苗和以前感染过的人中引起感染.
- 了解免疫的影响对于公共卫生战略至关重要,特别是在监狱等聚集的环境中.
研究的目的:
- 为了分析加利福尼亚州监狱内接种疫苗和未接种疫苗的人口中的COVID-19感染率.
- 评估COVID-19双价疫苗在高密度环境中对感染的有效性.
主要方法:
- 来自加利福尼亚州33所监狱的COVID-19监控数据分析 (2023年1月至7月).
- 包括96,201个人,主要是男性.
- 计算感染发病率,比较不同年龄人口群体的双价疫苗接种和未接种群体.
主要成果:
- 双价疫苗接种组的整体感染率为3.24%,未接种疫苗的组为2.72% (绝对风险差异为0.52%).
- 在50岁以上的个体中,疫苗接种率为4.07% (接种疫苗) 和3.1% (未接种疫苗) (绝对风险差异:0.97%).
- 在65岁以上的个体中,疫苗接种率为6.45% (接种疫苗) 和4.5% (未接种疫苗) (绝对风险差异为1.95%),没有统计学意义上的差异.
结论:
- 在两组中都观察到较低的COVID-19感染率,可能是由于疫苗和自然免疫的结合.
- 与未接种疫苗的人相比,双对接种疫苗并没有显著降低感染风险,特别是在老年人群中.
- 需要进一步的研究,以了解疫苗对不断变化的变种的有效性,并为未来的疫苗开发提供信息.
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