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人工智能帮助MRI精确检测鼻癌的局部复发:一个多中心队列研究

Pu-Yun OuYang¹, Yun He², Jian-Gui Guo³

¹Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China.

EClinicalMedicine

|September 8, 2023

概括

人工智能 (AI) 在鼻癌复发检测方面表现有前途,与MRI性能相匹配,并且在AI帮助放射科医生时可能与PET/CT相等. 需要进一步的试验来确认AI.

科学领域:

放射学和医学成像学医学成像学
医疗保健中的人工智能
在瘤学瘤学.

背景情况:

鼻癌 (NPC) 复发监测通常使用MRI,其灵敏度低于PET/CT.
这项研究调查了AI作为MRI放射科医生的预选工具的潜力.
该研究评估了人工智能辅助的MRI是否可以匹配或超过PET/CT性能.

研究的目的:

评估AI模型的诊断性能,以检测鼻癌复发.
为了比较人工智能辅助MRI与传统MRI和PET/CT的疗效.
确定AI在NPC监控中协助放射科医生的潜力.

主要方法:

一项涉及6916名患者的多中心研究,使用2.5D卷积神经网络和nnU-Net模型.
内部和外部验证队伍被用来测试AI模型的预测和可视化能力.
使用ROC曲线,灵敏度,特异性 (麦克纳马测试) 和Dice相似系数进行比较分析.

主要成果:

人工智能模型实现了高AUC (0.92内部,0.88外部) 具有良好的特异性,但与MRI相似的灵敏度.
人工智能辅助的MRI在一个子队列中表现出更好的特异性和匹配PET/CT.
一项前性试验显示,人工智能组的敏感性更高,尽管在统计学上并不显著,这表明需要进行更大规模的研究.

结论:

人工智能在MRI解释NPC复发方面表现与专家放射科医生相似.
人工智能辅助的MRI显示可能与PET/CT性能相匹配,因此需要进一步调查.
更大的随机对照试验是必要的,以确定AI在NPC监测中的临床益处.

关键词:

人工智能的人工智能是人工智能.诊断诊断诊断诊断诊断磁共振成像技术磁共振成像技术鼻癌是指鼻癌.复发情况复发情况

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Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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