在意大利,癌症死亡率与教育水平低相关
Margherita Pizzato1, Matteo di Maso1, Giulia Collatuzzo2
1Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20133 Milano, Italy.
Journal of public health (Oxford, England)
|September 8, 2023
概括
教育不平等在意大利显著影响癌症死亡. 减少这些差异可以防止大约四分之一的癌症死亡,强调需要解决社会经济决定因素.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 健康的社会经济决定因素
背景情况:
- 教育不平等是健康的重要社会经济决定因素.
- 教育水平的差异与不同的健康结果有关,包括癌症死亡率.
- 量化教育差异对癌症死亡率的影响对于公共卫生干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 量化教育不平等对意大利癌症死亡率的全国影响.
- 估计因教育程度低而导致的癌症死亡人数.
- 通过性别和特定癌症部位分析这些影响.
主要方法:
- 利用意大利2011年人口普查的队列数据 (>3500万年龄在30-74岁的人).
- 根据教育水平分层的就业患病率数据和死亡率比率.
- 计算了与低教育程度 (低于大学学位) 相关的癌症死亡人口归因分数 (PAF).
主要成果:
- 低教育程度与男性占人口可归因分数 (PAF) 的比例为29.1%,女性为13.3%.
- 在2019年,估计有22,271例男性癌症死亡和7,456例女性癌症死亡与低教育程度有关.
- 受低教育影响的主要癌症部位包括肺部 (男性) 和结直肠 (女性),对上空消化道,肝脏和胃癌有显著的PAF.
结论:
- 在意大利,癌症死亡的很大一部分是由于教育不平等造成的.
- 解决社会经济决定因素和教育差异有潜力预防癌症死亡率.
- 旨在减少教育差距的干预措施可以显著改善与癌症有关的公共卫生结果.
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