感知很重要:感知与感知. 城市成年人中的客观空气质量测量和喘诊断
Jane E Clougherty1, Pilar Ocampo2
1Department of Environmental & Occupational Health, Drexel University Dornsife School of Public Health, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
International journal of environmental research and public health
|September 8, 2023
概括
感知到的空气质量,而不是客观的污染,与纽约成人喘有关. 这表明空气污染可能通过心理社会途径影响健康,影响呼吸系统状况.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 城市空气污染与呼吸系统问题有关,特别是在较低社会经济水平的社区.
- 现有的研究往往忽视了空气污染作为心理社会压力因素的作用.
- 通过直接的生理和间接的心理社会途径对空气污染的双重影响需要进一步研究.
研究的目的:
- 调查纽约市感知和客观空气污染暴露与成人呼吸系统健康之间的联系.
- 确定感知到的空气质量是否是喘和一般健康的重要预测因素,独立于客观的污染水平.
- 探索空气污染可能影响健康的潜在心理社会途径.
主要方法:
- 利用了2012年纽约市成年人调查 (n=1183) 的数据,并估计了特定住宅环境的二氧化 (NO2) 和细颗粒物 (PM2.5).
- 采用后勤回归来分析感知空气质量,客观污染指标 (NO2,PM2.5) 和自我报告的喘和一般健康之间的关联.
- 调整了社会人口统计学因素和心理健康状况的模型,以隔离空气污染感知的影响.
主要成果:
- 感知到的空气质量显示出与成人喘存在小但显著的关联 (OR=1.12,95% CI:1.04-1.22).
- 对二氧化 (NO2) 和细颗粒物 (PM2.5) 的客观测量没有与喘有显著的关联.
- 既没有感知的,也没有客观的污染措施与自我报告的一般健康有显著的联系.
结论:
- 感知到的空气质量可能是成年人喘患病率的一个更重要的因素,而不是城市环境中的客观空气污染水平.
- 研究结果表明,暴露于空气污染的心理影响可能在呼吸系统健康结果中发挥关键作用.
- 需要进一步的研究,以了解污染感知,心理健康和呼吸道疾病之间的复杂相互作用.
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