疫苗诱导的SARS-CoV-2抗体可以防止Omicron突破性感染
Eva A M Baerends1,2, Astrid K Hvidt1,2, Joanne Reekie3
1Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
iScience
|September 8, 2023
概括
在三次接种疫苗的个体中,高抗体水平部分保护免受Omicron突破感染. 这一发现对于理解针对新变种的保护值和指导强剂疫苗接种策略至关重要.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 即使在高度接种疫苗的人群中,SARS-CoV-2 Omicron的全球快速传播也凸显了了解保护的免疫学要求的必要性.
- 突破性感染需要研究现有的免疫力对新兴变异的有效性.
研究的目的:
- 在三次接种疫苗的个体中调查与对Omicron (特别是BA.2) 突破性感染的保护相关的免疫因素.
- 描述疫苗诱导的抗体水平与Omicron突破风险之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 一个测试负结果匹配的病例控制研究,涉及来自ENFORCE队列的964名参与者.
- 在PCR测试前60天内分析SARS-CoV-2尖端特异性IgG水平和ACE2阻断抗体.
- 使用多变量逻辑回归和性别分层分析.
主要成果:
- 与对照组相比,在Omicron突破性感染的病例中观察到较低的尖端特异性IgG水平 (BA.2: 0.83的GMR [0.73-0.95]).
- 较高的抗体水平 (IgG和ACE2阻断) 与较低的感染几率 (aORs从0.46到0.65) 显著相关.
- 抗体水平与感染风险之间的保护性关联在女性中比男性更明显.
结论:
- 疫苗诱导的抗体水平提供了对Omicron突破感染的部分保护.
- 这些发现对于确定针对新型SARS-CoV-2变种的保护值至关重要.
- 了解抗体水平可以为有关强剂疫苗接种的必要性和时间的决定提供信息.
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