单循环流感病毒疫苗产生肺CD8+Trm,与病毒变体发生交叉反应,并颠覆病毒逃生突变
Ming Z M Zheng1, Tiong Kit Tan2, Fernando Villalon-Letelier1
1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.
Science advances
|September 8, 2023
概括
单周期流感病毒 (S-FLU) 疫苗接种在呼吸道中产生交叉反应的CD8+T细胞,在不促进病毒逃生突变的情况下提供对各种流感菌株的广泛保护.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 组织内存 (Trm) 呼吸道中的CD8+T细胞提供了对流感病毒的交叉菌株保护.
- 流感感染可以导致产生记忆CD8+T细胞,这可能驱动细胞毒性T淋巴细胞 (CTL) 逃生突变.
研究的目的:
- 评估由单周期流感病毒候选疫苗 (S-FLU) 诱导的CD8+T细胞的免疫特征.
- 为了比较S-FLU诱导的记忆CD8+T细胞与流感感染产生的记忆CD8+T细胞的交叉反应性和病毒逃逸的潜力.
主要方法:
- 用S-FLU候选疫苗免疫小鼠.
- 在呼吸道中分析流感病毒核蛋白 (NP) 特定的CD8+Trm细胞.
- 评估T细胞受体 (TCR) 谱系多样性和对病毒变异的交叉反应性.
- 对产生CTL逃生突变的倾向的评估.
主要成果:
- 接种S-FLU疫苗诱导了呼吸道中的NP特异性CD8+Trm细胞,增强了对流感变体的交叉反应性.
- 与流感感染相比,S-FLU疫苗接种导致产生CTL逃生突变的可能性降低.
- 观察到的免疫特征与有限的炎症反应和增加的TCR谱系多样性有关.
结论:
- 接种S-FLU疫苗引起了克隆多样化和交叉反应性记忆CD8+T细胞池.
- 这种免疫反应提供了对严重流感疾病的保护,而不会加速病毒的进化.
- S-FLU代表了一种有希望的疫苗策略,用于对抗快速变异的流感病毒.
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