鸟类的天生的和获得的免疫防御之间的进化权衡
Piotr Minias1, Wei-Xuan V-H Peng2, Kevin D Matson2
1Department of Biodiversity Studies and Bioeducation, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Banacha 1/3, 90-237, Łódź, Poland. pminias@op.pl.
Frontiers in zoology
|September 8, 2023
概括
鸟类在天生的免疫和获得的免疫之间显示出进化的权衡. 一个更复杂的主要基因相容性复合体 (MHC) 与较低的自然抗体水平有关,这表明免疫系统的资源配置.
科学领域:
- 进化免疫学的进化免疫学
- 进行比较的基因组学.
- 鸟类生物学 鸟类生物学
背景情况:
- 免疫系统的开发,维护和使用带来了巨大的成本,需要资源配置权衡.
- 进化策略可能有利于投资于特定的免疫防御或与更广泛的生命史特征一致的子系统.
- 了解这些权衡对于理解免疫系统的演变和功能至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 通过基因组学相关的比较分析,研究鸟类的先天性和获得性免疫系统组件之间的关系.
- 测试自然抗体 (先天性免疫代理) 和主要组织相容性复合体 (MHC) 结构复杂性 (获得免疫代理) 之间的进化权衡.
主要方法:
- 在鸟类的基因组学上进行了基因组学相关的比较分析.
- 使用天然抗体水平 (血凝度) 作为先天免疫的代理.
- 评估主要组织相容性复合体 (MHC) 结构复杂性 (基因拷贝数) 作为获得免疫力的代理,单独分析MHC-I和MHC-II.
主要成果:
- 在自然抗体水平和鸟类物种和家族的MHC基因拷贝总数之间发现了显著的负相关性.
- 这种关联在物种和家族层面持续存在,包括对MHC-I和MHC-II副本数的独立分析.
- 在控制了与病原体暴露有关的生命史和生态因素后,观察到的权衡仍然很重要.
结论:
- 提供了第一个关于鸟类免疫系统内的进化权衡的基因组学上强有力的证据.
- 更多具有复杂MHC架构的衍生鸟类系表现出天生的免疫成分的下调,例如天然抗体.
- 建议在鸟类免疫系统内重新分配资源,在某些血统中偏爱获得免疫力而不是先天免疫力.
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