亲生繁殖和祖先亲生繁殖对德国棕牛长寿特征的影响
Anna Wirth1, Jürgen Duda2, Ottmar Distl1
1Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover (Foundation), 30559 Hannover, Germany.
Animals : an open access journal from MDPI
|September 9, 2023
概括
亲生繁殖对德国棕牛的寿命有负面影响,降低了一生产量和生存率. 减少交配计划中的内生繁殖对于防止进一步下降至关重要,因为这种种群不太可能出现清除效应.
科学领域:
- 动物遗传学动物遗传学
- 量化遗传学 量化遗传学
- 畜牧科学 畜牧科学 畜牧科学
背景情况:
- 德国棕牛种群呈现出不断上升的古典和祖先的近亲繁殖系数.
- 亲生繁殖抑郁症是影响各种牲畜特征的已知因素.
- 了解净化效应对于管理遗传多样性和健康至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究近亲繁殖抑郁和清除对德国棕色牛的长寿特征的影响.
- 评估计算内生系数的不同方法 (Fa_Kal,FNew,Fa_Bal,Ahc).
- 评估来自美国棕色瑞士基因的异构和重组的作用.
主要方法:
- 分析了1990年至2001年间出生的480,440头德国棕牛的未经审查的寿命数据.
- 评估了17个长寿特征,包括群体寿命,生产寿命,产仔数量,一生产量 (牛奶,脂肪,蛋白质),存活率和杀频率.
- 应用经典和祖先的近亲繁殖系数 (卡利诺夫斯基,巴卢,巴蒙格).
主要成果:
- 对于大多数长寿特征,观察到显著的负性近亲繁殖抑郁症,除了因阴茎和脚/腿问题而导致的杀.
- 亲生繁殖抑郁症每1%的增长为 -3.61%至 -10.98%的终身生产特征和 -2.21%至 -4.58%的生存率.
- 异构和重组效应是积极的,但不足以抵消近亲繁殖抑郁症;没有检测到清除效应.
结论:
- 亲生繁殖显著降低了德国棕牛的寿命和一生产量.
- 祖先的近亲繁殖,可能受到美国棕色瑞士内进的影响,与寿命的降低有关.
- 交配计划应优先考虑减少近亲繁殖,以减轻抑郁症并保持该品种的寿命.
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