了解蛋白质功能及其对植物性肉类类似品质的影响
Jenna Flory1, Ruoshi Xiao1, Yonghui Li1
1Department of Grain Science and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.
Foods (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 9, 2023
概括
研究人员制定了分类植物蛋白质为植物性肉类的冷胀 (CS) 或热胀 (HS) 的标准. 混合物中较高的CS含量提高了纹理植物蛋白 (TVP) 的水能力和降低了硬度,但整体消费者接受度仍然很低.
科学领域:
- 食品科学 食品科学 食品科学
- 材料科学 是一种材料科学.
- 生物化学 生物化学
背景情况:
- 植物性肉类市场正在迅速扩大,需要对植物蛋白的功能有更深入的了解.
- 优化蛋白质功能是提高植物性肉类替代品加工和质量的关键.
研究的目的:
- 制定将植物蛋白 (大豆,黄豆,小麦) 分类为冷胀 (CS) 或热胀 (HS) 的标准.
- 研究CS:HS比对纹理植物蛋白 (TVP) 特性和微观结构的影响.
- 为了将TVP的特点与消费者接受度相关联.
主要方法:
- 植物蛋白的分类使用吸水指数 (WAI),最小凝度 (LGC),快速粘度分析 (RVA) 和蛋白质溶解度.
- 在不同的CS:HS比率 (0-90%CS) 中混合蛋白质,并挤出形成TVP.
- 分析TVP属性,包括WAI,LGC,RVA,蛋白质溶解度,SDS-PAGE,SEC-HPLC,散密度,水容量 (WHC),微观结构和纹理形状分析 (TPA).
主要成果:
- 增加的CS含量与更高的WAI和蛋白质溶解度相关,并降低了LGC.
- 高CS混合物 (60-90%) 呈现出明显的RVA冷粘度峰值,与低CS混合物 (0-40%) 不同.
- 挤出增加了蛋白质聚合;高CS混合物显示出更大的溶解率下降,表明更多的交联.
- 更高的CS导致TVP散装密度降低,WHC更高,更为海绵的微观结构,TPA硬度降低.
- 与牛肉汉堡相比,TVP面包的消费者喜欢分数明显较低.
结论:
- 植物蛋白胀特征 (CS与HS) 显著影响TVP加工行为和最终产品属性.
- CS 内容是定制 TVP 微结构,密度,水容量和质感的关键因素.
- 进一步改善纹理和风味是必要的,以提高消费者接受植物性肉类替代品.
更多相关视频
07:46Author Spotlight: Improving Beef Cattle Nutrition and Production with a Focus on Feed Efficiency and Meat Quality Traits Through Advanced Biochemical and Molecular Assays
Published on: July 12, 2024
560
09:13Optimized Protocol for the Extraction of Proteins from the Human Mitral Valve
Published on: June 14, 2017
12.9K
相关概念视频
Mechanical Protein Function
2.0K
2.0K
Mechanical Protein Functions
5.0K
Proteins perform many mechanical functions in a cell. These proteins can be classified into two general categories- proteins that generate mechanical forces and proteins that are subjected to mechanical forces. Proteins providing mechanical support to the structure of the cell, such as keratin, are subjected to mechanical force, whereas proteins involved in cell movement and transport of molecules across cell membranes, such as an ion pump, are examples of generating mechanical force.
5.0K
Protein Folding
118.4K
Overview
118.4K
Protein-protein Interfaces
12.5K
Many proteins form complexes to carry out their functions, making protein-protein interactions (PPIs) essential for an organism's survival. Most PPIs are stabilized by numerous weak noncovalent chemical forces. The physical shape of the interfaces determines the way two proteins interact. Many globular proteins have closely-matching shapes on their surfaces, which form a large number of weak bonds. Additionally, many PPIs occur between two helices or between a surface cleft and a...
12.5K
Protein Organization
6.5K
Proteins are polymers of amino acid residues. They are versatile and responsible for different cellular functions, including DNA replication, molecular transport, catalysis, and structural support. Proteins have a hierarchical structure comprising at least three levels of organization: primary, secondary, and tertiary structure. Some large proteins have a quaternary structure where individual protein subunits are linked together.
The primary structure of a protein is its amino acid sequence....
The primary structure of a protein is its amino acid sequence....
6.5K
Protein Networks
4.0K
An organism can have thousands of different proteins, and these proteins must cooperate to ensure the health of an organism. Proteins bind to other proteins and form complexes to carry out their functions. Many proteins interact with multiple other proteins creating a complex network of protein interactions.
These interactions can be represented through maps depicting protein-protein interaction networks, represented as nodes and edges. Nodes are circles that are representative of a protein,...
These interactions can be represented through maps depicting protein-protein interaction networks, represented as nodes and edges. Nodes are circles that are representative of a protein,...
4.0K
