中国老年人的饮食多样性变化和认知虚弱:一项前性基于社区的队列研究
Wen-Fang Zhong1, Wei-Qi Song1, Xiao-Meng Wang1
1Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
Nutrients
|September 9, 2023
概括
老年人饮食多样性评分 (DDS) 的下降与认知虚弱 (CF) 的风险增加有关. 保持高的DDS或仅经历中度下降与较低的CF发病率有关,特别是在植物性饮食中.
科学领域:
- 老年学和营养科学研究
- 认知健康与衰老问题
背景情况:
- 老年人饮食多样性变化与认知虚弱 (CF) 之间的关系尚不清楚.
- 了解这些联系对于开发有针对性的干预措施来支持老年人群的认知健康至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查饮食多样性得分 (DDS) 变化与中国老年人认知脆弱 (CF) 发生率之间的关联.
- 确定饮食改变的特定模式,这些模式可能会增加或减少患CF的风险.
主要方法:
- 分析了14382名中国老年人 (平均年龄为82.3岁) 的队列.
- 饮食多样性评分 (DDS) 在基线和随访时使用食物频率问卷进行评估.
- 考克斯的比例危险模型被用来分析9个DDS变化模式和80860人年发生的CF之间的关联.
主要成果:
- DDS的下降与CF风险的增加有显著关联,各种下降模式的危险比率 (HRs) 从1.30到2.04不等.
- 持续低的DDS组 (低至中,低至低) 也显示CF风险升高 (HRs1.49,1.96).
- 总体DDS的中度和极端下降都增加了CF风险,相比稳定的DDS. 基于植物的DDS变化与CF的相关性比基于动物的变化更强.
结论:
- 不断下降或持续低的饮食多样性得分与老年人认知脆弱的发病率较高有关.
- DDS下降的程度,无论是中度还是极端,都会影响CF风险.
- 饮食多样性的变化,特别是涉及植物性食物的变化,是认知脆弱性发展的重要因素.
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