半干旱生态系统中的田间雨水采集:I 玉米豆间作物绩效和生产力

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Weldemichael Tesfuhuney¹, Muthianzhele Ravuluma², Admire Rukudzo Dzvene^1,3

¹Department of Soil, Crop, and Climate Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9301, South Africa.

Plants (Basel, Switzerland)

|September 9, 2023

概括

与传统耕作相比,在田间收集雨水 (IRWH) 显著提高了玉米的生长和产量,特别是在干旱期间. IRWH提高了小农的降水利用效率.

科学领域:

农业科学农业科学
农业学是一种农业学.
土壤科学土壤科学

背景情况:

南非的小农经常面临干旱,影响作物生产率.
传统的耕作方法可能无法优化雨水农业的水资源利用.

研究的目的:

为了比较传统 (CON) 和田间雨水收集 (IRWH) 耕作下的玉米/豆生长和生产率.
评估单独和间作物系统对不同耕作实践的作物绩效的影响.

主要方法:

农场示范试验在南非Thaba Nchu的七个农场花园中进行.
使用分片设计,以耕作系统 (CON和IRWH) 作为主片和作物系统 (独种玉米,独种豆,交叉作物) 作为次处理.
测量了作物生长和生产率参数,包括地面干物质,谷物产量和降水利用效率 (PUE).

主要成果:

与CON相比,IRWH耕作显著增加了单独玉米的29%和杂作玉米的27%的地面干物.
谷物产量跟随了这一趋势:IRWH-Sole >> IRWH-间作物 >> CON-Sole >> CON-间作物.
与CON耕作相比,IRWH耕作在生物质和谷物产量方面都显示出较高的降水利用效率 (PUE),特别是在莫罗地块.

结论:

田间雨水收集 (IRWH) 是一种有前途的耕作技术,可以提高小农户的玉米和豆类生产率,特别是在干旱条件下.
IRWH提高了水资源捕获和利用效率,从而增加了作物生物质和谷物产量.
需要对替代技术进行进一步的研究,以通过高效的资源管理来最大限度地提高小农生产率.

关键词:

在地面上空的干物质上.增长和收益率的增长和收益率.交叉作物交叉作物交叉作物降水利用效率的降水使用效率.半干旱地区半干旱地区

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