一个风险识别模型,用于检测患有抗抑郁药停药风险的患者
Ali Zolnour1, Christina E Eldredge2, Anthony Faiola3
1School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Frontiers in artificial intelligence
|September 11, 2023
概括
许多患者因药物不良反应 (ADR) 和无效性而提前停止抗抑郁药治疗. 这项研究开发了一种算法,以识别患有抗抑郁药物停用风险的患者,提高患者的安全性.
科学领域:
- 药物监测和数字健康
- 医疗保健中的机器学习
- 患者报告的研究结果研究结果
背景情况:
- 停止抗抑郁药治疗影响30-68%的患者,危及安全性和结果.
- 在线医疗保健论坛提供了关于传统来源遗漏的停药因素的独特数据.
研究的目的:
- 分析来自在线论坛的患者叙述,以确定抗抑郁药物停用的风险因素.
- 开发一种机器学习算法,用于主动识别处于突然抗抑郁药物停用风险的患者.
主要方法:
- 来自askapatient.com的891个患者叙述的内容分析,以创建PsyRisk库.
- 开发了一种机器学习算法,使用PsyRisk和PsyTAR (药物不良反应库) 进行风险识别.
- 采用嵌套交叉验证来进行可靠的模型评估,实现高性能指标.
主要成果:
- 232名患者报告停止治疗;92%的患者经历了药物不良反应 (ADRs),72%的人认为它们令人痛苦.
- 生理性ADR是最常见的 (61%),其次是认知性 (30%) 和心理性 (28%).
- 风险识别算法实现了AUC-ROC的90.77%和F1得分的83.33%,感知ADR痛苦和无效作为关键预测因素.
结论:
- 确定了早期停止服用抗抑郁药物的关键风险因素,包括对副作用的痛苦和感知到的无效性.
- 开发了一种经过验证的机器学习算法,具有显著的临床应用潜力.
- 该算法可以帮助医疗保健专业人员管理患有停止抗抑郁药治疗风险的患者.
更多相关视频
12:18A Machine Learning Approach to Design an Efficient Selective Screening of Mild Cognitive Impairment
Published on: January 11, 2020
7.6K
08:15Network Pharmacology and Validation of the Antidepressant Mechanisms of Qiangzhifang in a Chronic Restraint Stress-induced Depression Rat Model
Published on: June 6, 2025
91
相关概念视频
Antidepressant Drugs: MAOIs and Other Agents
270
Atypical antidepressants, including bupropion (Wellbutrin), mirtazapine (Remeron), nefazodone (Serzone), trazodone (Desyrel), and vilazodone (Viibryd), offer unique mechanisms of action. Bupropion weakly inhibits dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake, aiding depression treatment and smoking cessation, with a low risk of sexual dysfunction. Mirtazapine enhances serotonin and norepinephrine neurotransmission, leading to sedation, increased appetite, and weight gain. As a result, it helps treat...
270
Antidepressant Drugs: Overview
555
Antidepressant drugs are a class of medications primarily used for treating various mood disorders, including major depression, anxiety disorders, and other related conditions. These medicines work by modulating the neurotransmitter balance within the brain, alleviating depressive symptoms. Antidepressants can be broadly categorized into several groups according to their mechanism of action and chemical structure: Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs), Serotonin-Norepinephrine...
555
Pharmacovigilance
884
Post-marketing surveillance is a critical component of pharmaceutical regulation, often uncovering unanticipated adverse drug reactions (ADRs) once a drug is widely used over an extended period.
This process, termed pharmacovigilance, aims to detect, evaluate, and minimize harmful effects related to medication use. The data collection for pharmacovigilance depends on spontaneous reporting systems, where healthcare professionals or patients voluntarily report suspected ADRs.
In some cases, there...
This process, termed pharmacovigilance, aims to detect, evaluate, and minimize harmful effects related to medication use. The data collection for pharmacovigilance depends on spontaneous reporting systems, where healthcare professionals or patients voluntarily report suspected ADRs.
In some cases, there...
884
Antidepressant Drugs: Tricyclics, SSRIs, and SNRIs
431
Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs), including Desipramine (Norpramin), Imipramine (Tofranil), Clomipramine (Anafranil), and Amitriptyline (Elavil), inhibit serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake and also block other receptors. They are used for depression, pain conditions, and insomnia. Common adverse effects include anticholinergic effects, sedation, orthostatic hypotension, and weight gain. They have a narrow therapeutic window and so require plasma-level monitoring. Abrupt discontinuation can...
431
Drug Therapy
68
The advent of drug therapy has profoundly shaped modern mental health care, providing targeted treatments for a range of psychological disorders. Psychotherapeutic drugs, classified into antianxiety, antidepressant, and antipsychotic medications, address symptoms across anxiety disorders, mood disorders, and schizophrenia. While these medications have transformed patient outcomes, they require careful management due to their potential side effects and limitations.
Antianxiety Medications
Antianxiety Medications
68
Psychosis and Antipsychotic Drugs: Overview
321
The term "psychosis" refers to a spectrum of mental disorders characterized by abnormal thoughts, perceptions, and behaviors. It can manifest as mood disorders, dementia, delirium with psychotic features, substance-induced psychosis with psychotic features, brief psychotic disorder, delusional disorder, schizoaffective disorder, and schizophrenia. Among all these disorders, schizophrenia is the most common psychotic disorder, affecting 1% of the worldwide population. Psychotic...
321
